论文标题
Pensieve 5G：在商业5G SA/NR-DC网络上实施基于RL的ABR算法，用于UHD 4K/8K内容交付
Pensieve 5G: Implementation of RL-based ABR Algorithm for UHD 4K/8K Content Delivery on Commercial 5G SA/NR-DC Network
论文作者
论文摘要
虽然在全球范围内进行了第五代移动网络（5G）的推出，目的是传递4K/8K UHD视频，增强现实（AR）和虚拟现实（VR）（VR）对用户的内容，覆盖范围和吞吐量仍然是最重要的问题之一，尤其是在农村地区，只有5G在较低的领域中，在较低的范围内仅处于低位范围内。这要求具有高性能自适应比特量（ABR）算法，该算法可以最大程度地提高给定5G网络特征和UHD内容的数据速率的体验质量。 最近，许多新提出的ABR技术都是基于机器学习的。其中，Pensieve是最先进的技术之一，它利用强化学习来基于对过去决策绩效的观察来生成ABR算法。通过合并5G网络和UHD内容的上下文，Pensieve已被优化为Pensieve 5G。提出了新的QOE指标，以更准确地代表不同类型的设备上UHD视频流的Qoe，并用于评估Pensieve 5G对包括原始Pensieve在内的其他ABR技术。基于真实5G独立（SA）网络吞吐量的仿真结果表明，Pensieve 5G的表现均优于常规算法和pensieve，平均QoE提高了8.8％和14.2％。此外，尽管训练仅使用5G独立网络（SA）网络的数据进行训练，但Pensieve 5G在商业5G NR-NR双重连接（NR-DC）网络上也表现出色。
While the rollout of the fifth-generation mobile network (5G) is underway across the globe with the intention to deliver 4K/8K UHD videos, Augmented Reality (AR), and Virtual Reality (VR) content to the mass amounts of users, the coverage and throughput are still one of the most significant issues, especially in the rural areas, where only 5G in the low-frequency band are being deployed. This called for a high-performance adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithm that can maximize the user quality of experience given 5G network characteristics and data rate of UHD contents. Recently, many of the newly proposed ABR techniques were machine-learning based. Among that, Pensieve is one of the state-of-the-art techniques, which utilized reinforcement-learning to generate an ABR algorithm based on observation of past decision performance. By incorporating the context of the 5G network and UHD content, Pensieve has been optimized into Pensieve 5G. New QoE metrics that more accurately represent the QoE of UHD video streaming on the different types of devices were proposed and used to evaluate Pensieve 5G against other ABR techniques including the original Pensieve. The results from the simulation based on the real 5G Standalone (SA) network throughput shows that Pensieve 5G outperforms both conventional algorithms and Pensieve with the average QoE improvement of 8.8% and 14.2%, respectively. Additionally, Pensieve 5G also performed well on the commercial 5G NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) Network, despite the training being done solely using the data from the 5G Standalone (SA) network.
