论文标题
加密货币采矿对电网的影响高分辨率建模和分析：碳足迹，可靠性和电价
High Resolution Modeling and Analysis of Cryptocurrency Mining's Impact on Power Grids: Carbon Footprint, Reliability, and Electricity Price
论文作者
论文摘要
区块链技术被认为是过去十年中最具破坏性的创新之一，从而实现了安全的分散信任建设。但是，近年来，随着基于区块链的加密货币挖掘计算能源消耗的迅速增加，人们对它们在电网中的可持续运行的关注日益加剧。本文调查了得克萨斯州电网的碳足迹，网格可靠性和电力市场价格的三因素影响。我们释放开源高分辨率数据，以实现影响因素（例如位置和灵活性）的高分辨率建模。我们透露，整个位置的加密货币采矿负荷的每兆瓦小时碳足迹可能会占原油平均估计值的50％。我们表明，采矿负荷的灵活性可以显着减轻电源短缺和市场中断，这可能是由于采矿负荷的部署而导致的。这些发现建议决策者促进大型采矿设施在批发市场中的参与，并要求他们提供强制性的需求响应。
Blockchain technologies are considered one of the most disruptive innovations of the last decade, enabling secure decentralized trust-building. However, in recent years, with the rapid increase in the energy consumption of blockchain-based computations for cryptocurrency mining, there have been growing concerns about their sustainable operation in electric grids. This paper investigates the tri-factor impact of such large loads on carbon footprint, grid reliability, and electricity market price in the Texas grid. We release open-source high-resolution data to enable high-resolution modeling of influencing factors such as location and flexibility. We reveal that the per-megawatt-hour carbon footprint of cryptocurrency mining loads across locations can vary by as much as 50% of the crude system average estimate. We show that the flexibility of mining loads can significantly mitigate power shortages and market disruptions that can result from the deployment of mining loads. These findings suggest policymakers to facilitate the participation of large mining facilities in wholesale markets and require them to provide mandatory demand response.
