论文标题
Emilie du Chatelet和Euler：物理假设的罕见融合
Emilie du Chatelet and Euler: A Rare Convergence on the Hypotheses of Physics
论文作者
论文摘要
Euler强调了假设的重要性，他认为这是对物理原因了解某些知识的唯一手段，这对于建立物理定律至关重要。当她辩论部队的性质时，将这个想法传达给了艾米莉·杜·乔查特（Emilie du Chatelet），并捍卫了莱布尼兹（Leibnizian）的Vis Viva概念。在检查了Euler-Chatelet对应关系之后，我介绍了一篇在1844年发现的论文，其中Euler提供了解释动量和Vis Viva之间的差异的首次分析尝试，并在其中定义了与运动有关的新概念，该概念可以被认为是动能的第一个思想。这些文件很少受到关注。在本文中，我研究了欧拉在这些手稿中讨论的主题，并将它们置于17世纪和18世纪的科学和哲学研究中，这些研究试图建立自然原则，并作为物理学的基础。
Euler stressed the importance of hypotheses, which he thought were the only means of arriving at a certain knowledge of the physical causes, essential to establish the laws of physics. This thought was communicated to Emilie du Chatelet in response to hers when she debated the nature of forces, defending the Leibnizian concept of vis viva. After examining the Euler-Chatelet correspondence, I introduce a treatise discovered in 1844 where Euler provides the first analytical attempt to explain the difference between momentum and vis viva, and where he defined a new concept related to motion that can be considered the first idea of kinetic energy. These documents have received little attention. In this paper, I examine the topics Euler discussed in these manuscripts and place them in a context within the scientific and philosophical research of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries that sought to establish the principles of nature, and that served as foundation for physics.
