论文标题
高斯定律，量规场的表现及其对当地可观察物的影响
Gauss's law, the manifestations of gauge fields, and their impact on local observables
论文作者
论文摘要
在电磁场的通用代数的框架内，分析了外部电荷的全球中性配置对场上的影响。外部费用不受该领域的影响，但它们引起了通用代数的局部自动形态。高斯定律暗示，仅涉及电磁场的单一操作员不能实施这些自动形态，它们是外部自动形态。丢失的自由度可以纳入通用代数的扩大，可以通过量规场的指数函数和描述外部指控的Abelian代数来具体表示。通过这种方式，仪表场在规格不变的可观察物的框架中表现出来。自动形态对真空状态的作用导致电磁场的表示形式，而全球电荷消失了，这在局部与真空表示。该特征消失在电磁场的扩大通用代数中。在两种情况下，国家的能量含量都很好地定义，并且从下方界定。还正在讨论从这些全球中立状态到充电状态的通过以及其能量含量的确定。
Within the framework of the universal algebra of the electromagnetic field, the impact of globally neutral configurations of external charges on the field is analyzed. External charges are not affected by the field, but they induce localized automorphisms of the universal algebra. Gauss's law implies that these automorphisms cannot be implemented by unitary operators involving only the electromagnetic field, they are outer automorphisms. The missing degrees of freedom can be incorporated in an enlargement of the universal algebra, which can concretely be represented by exponential functions of gauge fields and an abelian algebra describing the external charges. In this manner, gauge fields manifest themselves in the framework of gauge invariant observables. The action of the automorphisms on the vacuum state gives rise to representations of the electromagnetic field with vanishing global charge, which are locally disjoint from the vacuum representation. This feature disappears in the enlarged universal algebra of the electromagnetic field. The energy content of the states is well defined in both cases and bounded from below. The passage from these globally neutral states to charged states and the determination of their energy content are also being discussed.
