论文标题
指针在Born-Markov近似中
Pointer States in the Born-Markov approximation
论文作者
论文摘要
通过与环境的相互作用来解释量子系统的经典特性的出现一直是关于如何理解臭名昭著的量子到古典过渡的有前途的想法之一。所谓的指针状态在这种方法中具有关键作用，这些状态是量子状态最少受环境影响的量子状态，并且是经典行为的``载体''。我们在这里开发了一种关于如何找到指针状态的一般方法。在born-markov近似中工作，我们在群体理论的方法中起作用，从而结合了群体理论的方法，从而将定义的方程式定义为定义的杂物。它们是对差异的确定性的。它们是平衡的。连贯的状态，但通常与后者不同。例如，我们研究任意旋转-J $系统与玻璃体或旋转热环境相互作用，并以$ j = 1 $找到明确的指针状态。
Explaining the emergence of classical properties of a quantum system through its interaction with the environment has been one of the promising ideas on how to understand the notorious quantum-to-classical transition. A pivotal role in this approach is played by, so called, pointer states which are quantum states least affected by the environment and are ``carriers" of classical behavior. We develop here a general method on how to find pointer states. Working within the Born-Markov approximation, we combine methods of group theory and open quantum systems to derive explicit equations describing pointer states. They contain variances squared of certain operators, thus resembling the defining equations of coherent states, but are in general different from the latter. This shows that two notions of being ``the closest to the classical" -- one defined by the uncertainty relations and the other by the interaction with the environment -- are in general different. As an example, we study arbitrary spin-$J$ systems interacting with bosonic or spin thermal environments and find explicitly pointer states for $J=1$.
