论文标题
眼中的天才：眼内散射和夜空的人为亮度
Skyglow inside your eyes: intraocular scattering and artificial brightness of the night sky
论文作者
论文摘要
人为光线的视觉感知到世界许多地方的自然夜空。这种人造光的一部分散布在大气中，并向观察者传播，增加了自然的亮度并产生光污染的天空。但是，大气散射并不是唯一有助于增加视觉天气的机制。形成人眼的丰富而多样的生物学介质也非常有效地散射光线，并在某些情况下在很大程度上促进了视网膜感光体检测到的总天空亮度。在本文中，我们量化了这种效果并评估其相关性时，当视野内的光源照亮了眼睛学生时。我们的结果表明，眼内散射构成了距路灯很短的感知天空亮度的重要组成部分。这些结果为日常体验提供了定量支持，即可以通过阻止到达眼瞳的灯的直接光来实现裸眼恒星限制幅度的大幅度增长。城市照明设计可降低眼瞳上的照明性并相对于视觉轴的大角度定位源，有望帮助减少人工人工的眼内Skyglow。
The visual perception of the natural night sky in many places of the world is strongly disturbed by anthropogenic light. Part of this artificial light is scattered in the atmosphere and propagates towards the observer, adding to the natural brightness and producing a light polluted sky. However, atmospheric scattering is not the only mechanism contributing to increase the visual skyglow. The rich and diverse biological media forming the human eye also scatter light very efficiently and contribute, in some cases to a big extent, to the total sky brightness detected by the retinal photoreceptors. In this paper we quantify this effect and assess its relevance when the eye pupil is illuminated by light sources within the visual field. Our results show that intraocular scattering constitutes a significant part of the perceived sky brightness at short distances from streetlights. These results provide quantitative support to the everyday experience that substantial gains in naked-eye star limiting magnitudes can be achieved by blocking the direct light from the lamps that reaches the eye pupil. Urban lighting designs that reduce the illuminance over the eye pupil and locate the sources at large angles with respect to the visual axis are expected to help decreasing the artificial intraocular skyglow.
