论文标题

神经网络温暖启动的反向声学障碍物散射问题

A Neural Network Warm-Start Approach for the Inverse Acoustic Obstacle Scattering Problem

论文作者

Zhou, Mo, Han, Jiequn, Rachh, Manas, Borges, Carlos

论文摘要

我们考虑了在两个维度上发出声音柔软的星形障碍物的反声学障碍问题,其中障碍物的边界是根据对象外的接收器集合的分散场的测量确定的。解决此问题的标准方法之一是将其重新将其重新定义为一个优化问题:找到域的边界,该域的边界最小化了分散场的计算值与给定测量数据之间的$ l^2 $距离。优化问题在计算上具有挑战性,因为局部凸度缩水的频率增加,并导致真实解决方案附近局部最小值的数量越来越多。在许多实际的实验设置中,由于实验设置的局限性或用于测量的传感器,低频测量无法获得。因此,在这种环境中获得优化问题的良好初始猜测起着至关重要的作用。 我们提出了一种神经网络温暖的启动方法,用于解决反向散射问题,其中使用训练有素的神经网络获得了优化问题的初步猜测。我们通过几个数值示例证明了我们方法的有效性。对于高频问题,此方法的表现优于传统的迭代方法,例如高斯 - 纽顿初始初始化(即使用单位圆圈初始化)或使用直接方法(例如线性采样方法)初始化的。该算法在散射的场测量中对噪声保持强大,并收敛到有限的光圈数据的真实解决方案。但是,训练神经网络量表的频率和所考虑障碍的复杂性所需的训练样本数量。最后,我们讨论了这种现象和未来研究的潜在方向。

We consider the inverse acoustic obstacle problem for sound-soft star-shaped obstacles in two dimensions wherein the boundary of the obstacle is determined from measurements of the scattered field at a collection of receivers outside the object. One of the standard approaches for solving this problem is to reformulate it as an optimization problem: finding the boundary of the domain that minimizes the $L^2$ distance between computed values of the scattered field and the given measurement data. The optimization problem is computationally challenging since the local set of convexity shrinks with increasing frequency and results in an increasing number of local minima in the vicinity of the true solution. In many practical experimental settings, low frequency measurements are unavailable due to limitations of the experimental setup or the sensors used for measurement. Thus, obtaining a good initial guess for the optimization problem plays a vital role in this environment. We present a neural network warm-start approach for solving the inverse scattering problem, where an initial guess for the optimization problem is obtained using a trained neural network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method with several numerical examples. For high frequency problems, this approach outperforms traditional iterative methods such as Gauss-Newton initialized without any prior (i.e., initialized using a unit circle), or initialized using the solution of a direct method such as the linear sampling method. The algorithm remains robust to noise in the scattered field measurements and also converges to the true solution for limited aperture data. However, the number of training samples required to train the neural network scales exponentially in frequency and the complexity of the obstacles considered. We conclude with a discussion of this phenomenon and potential directions for future research.

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