论文标题

两种高度可变系外行星类似物的大气中的斑点浅石云

Patchy Forsterite Clouds in the Atmospheres of Two Highly Variable Exoplanet Analogs

论文作者

Vos, Johanna M., Burningham, Ben, Faherty, Jacqueline K., Alejandro, Sherelyn, Gonzales, Eileen, Calamari, Emily, Gagliuffi, Daniella Bardalez, Visscher, Channon, Tan, Xianyu, Morley, Caroline V., Marley, Mark, Gemma, Marina E., Whiteford, Niall, Gaarn, Josefine, Park, Grace

论文摘要

我们提出了一对高度可变的大气检索分析,$ \ sim200〜 $ MYR旧的,早期T型行星质量类似物类似物SIMP J01365662+0933473和2Mass J21392676+0220226使用Brewster ReTerieval Frafeerwork。我们的分析利用档案$ 1-15〜μ $ m的光谱,为这两个物体都发现了几乎相同的气氛。对于这两个目标,我们都会发现数据最好用斑驳的高空玻璃石(mg $ _2 $ _2 $ sio $ _4 $)云上方,而较深,光学厚的铁(Fe)云。我们的模型很好地限制了云特性,包括云位置和云粒径。我们发现,从我们的检索中推断出的斑驳的脚石平板云可能是对观察到的变异性的光谱行为的原因。我们检索到的云结构与先前从光谱变异性测量值推断出的大气结构一致,但大大阐明了这张图。我们发现两个对象的C/O比一致,这些物体支持它们在Cari​​na-Near移动组中同一分子云中的形成。最后,我们注意到H $ _2 $ O和CO的约束丰度有所差异,这可能是由数据质量和/或天体物理过程(例如极光活动及其不同的旋转速率)引起的。这项工作中介绍的结果为我们将用JWST表征的细节提供了令人鼓舞的预览,JWST将在更广泛的波长范围内产生更高质量的光谱。

We present an atmospheric retrieval analysis of a pair of highly variable, $\sim200~$Myr old, early-T type planetary-mass exoplanet analogs SIMP J01365662+0933473 and 2MASS J21392676+0220226 using the Brewster retrieval framework. Our analysis, which makes use of archival $1-15~μ$m spectra, finds almost identical atmospheres for both objects. For both targets, we find that the data is best described by a patchy, high-altitude forsterite (Mg$_2$SiO$_4$) cloud above a deeper, optically thick iron (Fe) cloud. Our model constrains the cloud properties well, including the cloud locations and cloud particle sizes. We find that the patchy forsterite slab cloud inferred from our retrieval may be responsible for the spectral behavior of the observed variability. Our retrieved cloud structure is consistent with the atmospheric structure previously inferred from spectroscopic variability measurements, but clarifies this picture significantly. We find consistent C/O ratios for both objects which supports their formation within the same molecular cloud in the Carina-Near Moving Group. Finally, we note some differences in the constrained abundances of H$_2$O and CO which may be caused by data quality and/or astrophysical processes such as auroral activity and their differing rotation rates. The results presented in this work provide a promising preview of the detail with which we will characterize extrasolar atmospheres with JWST, which will yield higher quality spectra across a wider wavelength range.

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