论文标题
调节网守AI和数据：DMA，GDPR及以后的透明度，访问和公平性
Regulating Gatekeeper AI and Data: Transparency, Access, and Fairness under the DMA, the GDPR, and beyond
论文作者
论文摘要
人工智能不仅越来越多地用于商业和管理环境中，而且在欧盟率先进行努力的情况下，也正在进行监管的竞赛。但是，与现有文献相反，本文表明，在拟议的AI法案中不会包含针对数字经济中AI应用的最深远和最有效的欧盟规则 - 但刚刚在《数字市场法案》中颁布。我们分析了DMA和相关欧盟对AI模型及其基本数据的影响：披露要求； AI培训数据的调节；访问规则；以及公平排名的政权。该论文表明，从DMA的意义上讲，公平性超出了传统上受保护的非歧视法类别的类别，在AI和法律的交集上，迄今为止，在很大程度上关注了奖学金。相反，我们借鉴了竞争法和知识产权法所知的弗兰德标准，以解释和完善有关公平排名的DMA规定。此外，我们展示了如何根据CJEU法学，对传统的非歧视和竞争法的非歧视概念进行了连贯的解释。最后一部分为DMA及其他方面的透明度，访问和公平性的综合框架绘制了特定的建议。
Artificial intelligence is not only increasingly used in business and administration contexts, but a race for its regulation is also underway, with the EU spearheading the efforts. Contrary to existing literature, this article suggests, however, that the most far-reaching and effective EU rules for AI applications in the digital economy will not be contained in the proposed AI Act - but have just been enacted in the Digital Markets Act. We analyze the impact of the DMA and related EU acts on AI models and their underlying data across four key areas: disclosure requirements; the regulation of AI training data; access rules; and the regime for fair rankings. The paper demonstrates that fairness, in the sense of the DMA, goes beyond traditionally protected categories of non-discrimination law on which scholarship at the intersection of AI and law has so far largely focused on. Rather, we draw on competition law and the FRAND criteria known from intellectual property law to interpret and refine the DMA provisions on fair rankings. Moreover, we show how, based on CJEU jurisprudence, a coherent interpretation of the concept of non-discrimination in both traditional non-discrimination and competition law may be found. The final part sketches specific proposals for a comprehensive framework of transparency, access, and fairness under the DMA and beyond.
