论文标题
欧洲机会和流动性的教育不平等
Educational Inequality of Opportunity and Mobility in Europe
论文作者
论文摘要
受教育程度产生劳动力市场的回报，社会收益并为个人具有内在价值。我们研究了机会不平等（IOP）和代际流动性在教育成就的分布中。我们建议使用基于GINI系数和平均对数偏差（MLD）的依据IOP估计器，这些估计值对机器学习偏见是可靠的。我们还测量了每种情况对IOP的影响，我们提供了测试以比较两个人群中的IOP并测试一组情况的关节意义。我们发现，情况解释了欧洲国家总教育不平等的38％至74％。在大多数国家，母亲的教育是最重要的情况。有代际的持久性很高，并且有教育性伟大的盖茨比曲线的证据。我们还构建了IOP意识到的教育伟大的盖茨比曲线，发现高收入IOP国家也是高等教育的IOP，移动国家较少。
Educational attainment generates labor market returns, societal gains and has intrinsic value for individuals. We study Inequality of Opportunity (IOp) and intergenerational mobility in the distribution of educational attainment. We propose to use debiased IOp estimators based on the Gini coefficient and the Mean Logarithmic Deviation (MLD) which are robust to machine learning biases. We also measure the effect of each circumstance on IOp, we provide tests to compare IOp in two populations and to test joint significance of a group of circumstances. We find that circumstances explain between 38\% and 74\% of total educational inequality in European countries. Mother's education is the most important circumstance in most countries. There is high intergenerational persistence and there is evidence of an educational Great Gatsby curve. We also construct IOp aware educational Great Gatsby curves and find that high income IOp countries are also high educational IOp and less mobile countries.
