论文标题
在两波段超导体PB中，核心状态识别多流量 - Quanta涡旋
Identification of multiple-flux-quanta vortices by core states in the two-band superconductor Pb
论文作者
论文摘要
超导体是I型还是II型，具体取决于它们是否形成Abrikosov涡流晶格。尽管大量铅（PB）被归类为典型的I型超导体，但我们使用MK扫描隧道显微镜观察到中间状态下的单频量子 - 量子和多频量子涡流。我们表明，单个涡流的绕组数量可以从其Caroli-De Gennes-Matricon结合状态的真实空间波函数确定。这将Volovik提出的各向同性电子状态提出的索引定理推广到现实的电子结构。另外，可以分别检测到由于Pb的两个超导带引起的结合状态。这为低频段间耦合和涡流中的间隙独立封闭提供了有力的证据。
Superconductors are of type I or II depending on whether they form an Abrikosov vortex lattice. Although bulk lead (Pb) is classified as a prototypical type-I superconductor, we observe single-flux-quantum and multiple-flux-quanta vortices in the intermediate state using mK scanning tunneling microscopy. We show that the winding number of individual vortices can be determined from the real space wave function of its Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon bound states. This generalizes the index theorem put forward by Volovik for isotropic electronic states to realistic electronic structures. In addition, the bound states due to the two superconducting bands of Pb can be separately detected. This yields strong evidence for low inter-band coupling and an independent closure of the gaps inside vortices.
