论文标题
利润转移和国际税改革
Profit Shifting and International Tax Reforms
论文作者
论文摘要
国际税收规则已过时，允许跨国公司将利润转移到税收天堂。本文研究了税制改革如何影响利润转移和越野福利。我们提出了一个模型，将真实的经济利润与纸质利润分开，并引入“三角形身份”来估计双边利润转移流量。使用宏观和公司级别的数据，纸质利润的弹性是税基的三倍。全球最低税改革通过增加公共物品资金和减少税收竞争来改善福利。我们还确定了各种税收权利方案下的最佳最低利率，并证明了基于单方面的基于目的地的现场汇率税改革的福利效应在很大程度上取决于贸易失衡。
International taxation rules are outdated, allowing multinationals to shift profits to tax havens. This paper examines how tax reforms affect profit shifting and cross-country welfare. We propose a model that separates real economic profits from paper profits, introducing 'triangle identities' to estimate bilateral profit-shifting flows. Using macro- and firm-level data, paper profits' elasticity is three times that of the tax base. Global minimum tax reforms improve welfare by increasing public goods funding and reducing tax competition. We also identify optimal minimum rates under various taxing-right scenarios and demonstrate that unilateral destination-based-cash-flow-tax reforms' welfare effects depend highly on trade imbalances.
