论文标题
关于欧洲城市扩张概况的异质性
On the heterogeneity of urban expansion profiles in Europe
论文作者
论文摘要
在585个欧洲城市中，检查了城市人工土地使用（ALU）径向的差异与平均ALU概况的差异。使用Urban Atlas 2012数据，使用一种径向（或单中心）方法来计算与市中心距离有关的城市土地使用概况。使用缩放定律来控制城市规模和人口。结果，可以以可比的方式对形成鲜明的不同程度的城市。利用整个585个城市样本的平均ALU剖面，为每个城市计算了平均剖面的差异。使用这些差异使我们能够检查整个欧洲城市中Alu的异质性，但也检查城市内的这些差异。我们按城市规模和国家利用城市分组来尝试了解这些差异。结合了城市地图集和科林土地覆盖数据，研究了水对Alu概况的影响。还引入了城市分类，该分类考虑了平均曲线的差异。订购方法用于可视化这些分类中的城市。结果突出了城市之间的异质性水平。去除水，我们可以看到，水平最高的城市平均具有更高的ALU水平。西班牙和法国的ALU水平与平均水平低于平均水平，西班牙具有对比鲜明的ALU水平。使用序列技术使我们能够将城市分组为一种类型，该类型学可用于基准城市。
The difference of a city's artificial land use (ALU) radial profile to the average ALU profile is examined for 585 European cities. Using Urban Atlas 2012 data, a radial (or monocentric) approach is used to calculate a city's land use profile in relation to distance to the city centre. A scaling law is used which controls for city size and population. As a consequence, cities of varying degrees of size can be contrasted in a comparable way. Utilising the mean ALU profile for the entire sample of 585 cities, the difference to the mean profile is calculated for each city. Using these differences allows us to examine heterogeneity of the ALU across European cities but also examine these differences within cities. We utilise city groupings by city size and country to attempt to understand these differences. Combining Urban Atlas and Corine Land Cover data, the impact of water on the ALU profiles is examined. A city classification is also introduced which considers the difference to the average curve. Ordering methods are used to visualise cities within these classifications. Results highlight the level of heterogeneity between cities. Removing water, we can see that the cities with the highest levels of water have a higher level of ALU on average. Spain and France are found to have contrasting levels of ALU, Spanish cities having below average ALU and France above average. Using seriation techniques enables us to group and order cities into a typology which can be used to benchmark cities.
