论文标题
核心爆炸的热炸弹爆炸的参数爆炸和56ni生产
Parameterisations of thermal bomb explosions for core-collapse supernovae and 56Ni production
论文作者
论文摘要
热炸弹是一种广泛使用的方法，用于人为地触发核心偏离超新星（CCSNE）的爆炸，以确定其核合成或弹出性和残余特性。 Recently, their use in spherically symmetric (1D) hydrodynamic simulations led to the result that {56,57}Ni and 44Ti are massively underproduced compared to observational estimates for Supernova 1987A, if the explosions are slow, i.e., if the explosion mechanism of CCSNe releases the explosion energy on long timescales.得出的结论是，需要快速爆炸才能匹配观察到的丰度，即爆炸机制必须几乎在大约十个时间尺度上瞬间提供CCSN能量，以达到100毫秒。如果有效，则该结果将不利于中微子加热的机制，从而在秒的时间尺度上释放CCSN能量。在这里，我们通过一维流体动力学模拟和核合成后处理证明，这些结论是无视在炸弹释放爆炸能量之前，恒星核心在热炸弹建模中的初始崩溃的结果。我们证明，当包括最初的崩溃时，56NI产量和能量注入时间尺度的抗相关性消失了，甚至可以逆转它，即，当崩溃流向类似于类似于中性群在CCSNE中的中性供热的小半径相似时，崩溃的爆炸速度较慢，则更多的56ni是通过较慢的爆炸而产生的。我们还表明，热炸弹爆炸中的56NI产生对所选的质量切割很敏感，并且能量沉积的固定质量层或固定体积仅导致次要差异。此外，我们为热炸弹提出了最合适的设置。
Thermal bombs are a widely used method to artificially trigger explosions of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) to determine their nucleosynthesis or ejecta and remnant properties. Recently, their use in spherically symmetric (1D) hydrodynamic simulations led to the result that {56,57}Ni and 44Ti are massively underproduced compared to observational estimates for Supernova 1987A, if the explosions are slow, i.e., if the explosion mechanism of CCSNe releases the explosion energy on long timescales. It was concluded that rapid explosions are required to match observed abundances, i.e., the explosion mechanism must provide the CCSN energy nearly instantaneously on timescales of some ten to order 100 ms. This result, if valid, would disfavor the neutrino-heating mechanism, which releases the CCSN energy on timescales of seconds. Here, we demonstrate by 1D hydrodynamic simulations and nucleosynthetic post-processing that these conclusions are a consequence of disregarding the initial collapse of the stellar core in the thermal-bomb modelling before the bomb releases the explosion energy. We demonstrate that the anti-correlation of 56Ni yield and energy-injection timescale vanishes when the initial collapse is included and that it can even be reversed, i.e., more 56Ni is made by slower explosions, when the collapse proceeds to small radii similar to those where neutrino heating takes place in CCSNe. We also show that the 56Ni production in thermal-bomb explosions is sensitive to the chosen mass cut and that a fixed mass layer or fixed volume for the energy deposition cause only secondary differences. Moreover, we propose a most appropriate setup for thermal bombs.
