论文标题
不平衡原子混合物中的量子液滴
Quantum Droplets in Imbalanced Atomic Mixtures
论文作者
论文摘要
量子液滴是对经典流体液滴的量子类似物，因为它们是自我结合并显示出液体样性能（例如不可压缩性和表面张力） - 尽管它们的稳定性是量子波动的结果。观察量子液滴的主要系统之一是两组分组的玻璃气体。两个组分液滴通常被认为是平衡的，在两个分量的密度之间具有固定比率。这项工作超越了固定密度比，通过研究不平衡混合物中的球形液滴。随着不平衡的增加，液滴能够将其能量降低到极限，此时，液滴与多数成分的原子饱和，并且添加到该成分中的任何进一步原子都无法与液滴结合。分析不平衡液滴的呼吸模式动力学表明，液滴可以像平衡的混合物中一样发射颗粒，但是失衡会导致多个同时衰减的集体振荡的复杂叠加。
Quantum droplets are a quantum analogue to classical fluid droplets in that they are self-bound and display liquid-like properties -- such as incompressibility and surface tension -- though their stability is the result of quantum fluctuations. One of the major systems for observing quantum droplets is two-component Bose gases. Two-component droplets are typically considered to be balanced, having a fixed ratio between the densities of the two component. This work goes beyond the fixed density ratio by investigating spherical droplets in imbalanced mixtures. With increasing imbalance, the droplet is able to lower its energy up to a limit, at which point the droplet becomes saturated with the atoms of the majority component and any further atoms added to this component cannot bind to the droplet. Analysing the breathing mode dynamics of imbalanced droplets indicates that the droplet can emit particles, as in balanced mixtures, but the imbalance leads to an intricate superposition of multiple simultaneously decaying collective oscillations.
