论文标题
您所看到的是您得到的：当地劳动力市场和技能获取
What You See is What You Get: Local Labor Markets and Skill Acquisition
论文作者
论文摘要
本文强调了最近趋势对形成“技能线”的负面动态后果的潜力。我首先表明，技能获取对当地劳动力市场需求的技能有偏见。这一事实以及迁移率的主要和最近降低的结果上的异质性很大，这意味着随着时间的推移升级的技能效率低下的显着潜力。为了在关注集聚效应的标准模型的背景下评估当地偏见在教育中的影响，我开发了一个结构性空间模型，其中包括教育投资。该模型侧重于两个外部性来源：通过聚集和信号传导生产率。这两种都会影响教育决策，使总体技能组成的平衡倾斜。信号传导外部性可以为技能需求和技能集中的变化做出巨大的楔子提供巨大的楔形，从而从更平等的技能分配中获得了可观的福利收益。
This paper highlights the potential for negative dynamic consequences of recent trends towards the formation of "skill-hubs". I first show evidence that skill acquisition is biased towards skills which are in demand in local labor markets. This fact along with large heterogeneity in outcomes by major and recent reductions in migration rates implies a significant potential for inefficient skill upgrading over time. To evaluate the impact of local bias in education in the context of standard models which focus on agglomeration effects, I develop a structural spatial model which includes educational investment. The model focuses on two sources of externalities: productivity through agglomeration and signaling. Both of these affect educational decisions tilting the balance of aggregate skill composition. Signaling externalities can provide a substantial wedge in the response to changes in skill demand and skill concentration with the potential for substantial welfare gains from a more equal distribution of skills.
