论文标题
胸部X射线中弱半监督异常定位的基准
A Benchmark for Weakly Semi-Supervised Abnormality Localization in Chest X-Rays
论文作者
论文摘要
胸部X射线(CXR)中准确的异常定位可以使各种胸部疾病的临床诊断受益。但是,病变级注释只能由经验丰富的放射科医生进行,这是乏味且耗时的,因此很难获得。这种情况导致难以开发CXR的完全监督异常定位系统。在这方面,我们建议通过一个弱半监督的策略来训练CXR异常定位框架,称为“超越阶级”(PBC),该策略使用了少数带有病变级别界限框的全面注释的CXR,并通过点进行了广泛的弱注释样品。这样的点注释设置可以通过边缘注释成本提供弱实例级别的信息,以实现异常定位。尤其是,我们的PBC背后的核心思想是学习从点注释到边界框的强大而准确的映射,以应对带注释点的差异。为此,提出了一个正规化项,即多点的一致性,它驱动模型从相同异常内的不同点注释中生成一致的边界框。此外,还提出了一种称为对称的一致性的自学,也提出了从弱注释的数据中深深利用有用的信息来实现异常定位。 RSNA和VINDR-CXR数据集的实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。当使用少于20%的盒子级标签进行训练时,与当前的最新方法相比,我们的PBC可以在MAP中提高〜5的改善(即点DETR)。代码可从https://github.com/haozheliu-st/point-beyond-class获得。
Accurate abnormality localization in chest X-rays (CXR) can benefit the clinical diagnosis of various thoracic diseases. However, the lesion-level annotation can only be performed by experienced radiologists, and it is tedious and time-consuming, thus difficult to acquire. Such a situation results in a difficulty to develop a fully-supervised abnormality localization system for CXR. In this regard, we propose to train the CXR abnormality localization framework via a weakly semi-supervised strategy, termed Point Beyond Class (PBC), which utilizes a small number of fully annotated CXRs with lesion-level bounding boxes and extensive weakly annotated samples by points. Such a point annotation setting can provide weakly instance-level information for abnormality localization with a marginal annotation cost. Particularly, the core idea behind our PBC is to learn a robust and accurate mapping from the point annotations to the bounding boxes against the variance of annotated points. To achieve that, a regularization term, namely multi-point consistency, is proposed, which drives the model to generate the consistent bounding box from different point annotations inside the same abnormality. Furthermore, a self-supervision, termed symmetric consistency, is also proposed to deeply exploit the useful information from the weakly annotated data for abnormality localization. Experimental results on RSNA and VinDr-CXR datasets justify the effectiveness of the proposed method. When less than 20% box-level labels are used for training, an improvement of ~5 in mAP can be achieved by our PBC, compared to the current state-of-the-art method (i.e., Point DETR). Code is available at https://github.com/HaozheLiu-ST/Point-Beyond-Class.