论文标题

部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测

Learning From Positive and Unlabeled Data Using Observer-GAN

论文作者

Zamzam, Omar, Akrami, Haleh, Leahy, Richard

论文摘要

从正面和未标记的数据(又称PU学习)中学习的问题已在二进制(即阳性与负面)分类设置中进行了研究,其中输入数据包括(1)从正类别及其相应标签的观察结果,(2)来自正面和负类别的未标记的观察结果。生成的对抗网络(GAN)已被用来将问题减少到监督环境中,而监督学习在分类任务中具有最新的准确性。为了生成\ textit {pseudo}阴性观察,甘恩(Gans)接受了带正面和未标记的观测值的培训,并修改了损失。同时使用正面和\ textit {pseudo} - 阴性观察会导致监督的学习设置。现实到足以替代缺失的负类样品的伪阴性观察的产生是当前基于GAN的算法的瓶颈。通过在GAN体系结构中加入其他分类器,我们提供了一种基于GAN的新方法。在我们建议的方法中,GAN INCINATOR指示发电机仅产生落入未标记的数据分布中的样品,而第二分类器(观察者)网络将GAN训练训练至:(i)防止生成的样品落入正分布中; (ii)学习是正面观察和负面观测之间的关键区别的特征。四个图像数据集的实验表明,我们训练的观察者网络在区分实际看不见的正和负样本时的性能要比现有技术更好。

The problem of learning from positive and unlabeled data (A.K.A. PU learning) has been studied in a binary (i.e., positive versus negative) classification setting, where the input data consist of (1) observations from the positive class and their corresponding labels, (2) unlabeled observations from both positive and negative classes. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been used to reduce the problem to the supervised setting with the advantage that supervised learning has state-of-the-art accuracy in classification tasks. In order to generate \textit{pseudo}-negative observations, GANs are trained on positive and unlabeled observations with a modified loss. Using both positive and \textit{pseudo}-negative observations leads to a supervised learning setting. The generation of pseudo-negative observations that are realistic enough to replace missing negative class samples is a bottleneck for current GAN-based algorithms. By including an additional classifier into the GAN architecture, we provide a novel GAN-based approach. In our suggested method, the GAN discriminator instructs the generator only to produce samples that fall into the unlabeled data distribution, while a second classifier (observer) network monitors the GAN training to: (i) prevent the generated samples from falling into the positive distribution; and (ii) learn the features that are the key distinction between the positive and negative observations. Experiments on four image datasets demonstrate that our trained observer network performs better than existing techniques in discriminating between real unseen positive and negative samples.

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