论文标题
来自气凝线和沸石目标的Muonium的室温排放
Room-temperature emission of muonium from aerogel and zeolite targets
论文作者
论文摘要
在Paul Scherrer Institute（PSI）开发了使用超氟化氦作为Muon-to-Muonium Converter的低潜伏，高强度原子光束（$ \ mathrm {M} =μ^ + + + + + + + + + \ + \ + \ $ {E}^ - $）。该梁可以推进Muonium的激光光谱，并允许第一个原子干涉测量实验直接观察M重力相互作用。在本文中，我们描述了紧凑型检测方案的发展，该方案导致了对真空中原子蒙克的背景抑制的观察，并且可以适应低温测量。使用这些设置，我们使用低动量（$p_μ= 11 $ - $ -13〜 $ MEV/c）MUONS比较了各种Muonium生产目标的发射特性，并首次观察到将沸石靶标的Muonium排放到真空中。对于特定的激光驱动的气凝胶目标，我们确定了$ 7.23 \ pm 0.05 \ pm 0.05 \ text {（stat）} ^{+1.06} _ { - 0.76} _ { - 0.76} \ text {（sys）} {（sys）} \，\，\ fext em emo，此外，我们研究了Muonium-Helium碰撞，从中确定了超流体氦转化器的上限为0.3 K。
A low-emittance, high-intensity atomic beam of muonium ($\mathrm{M}=μ^+ + \mathrm{e}^-$) using superfluid helium as muon-to-muonium converter is being developed at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). This beam could advance laser spectroscopy of muonium and allow the first atomic interferometry experiments for the direct observation of the M gravitational interaction. In this paper, we describe the development of compact detection schemes which resulted in the background-suppressed observation of atomic muonium in vacuum, and can be adapted for cryogenic measurements. Using these setups, we compared the emission characteristics of various muonium production targets using low momentum ($p_μ = 11$-$13~$MeV/c) muons, and observed muonium emission from zeolite targets into vacuum for the first time. For a specific laser-ablated aerogel target, we determined a muon-to-vacuum-muonium conversion efficiency of $7.23 \pm 0.05 \text{(stat)} ^{+1.06}_{-0.76}\text{(sys)}\,\text{%}$, assuming thermal emission of muonium. Moreover, we investigated muonium-helium collisions and from it we determined an upper temperature limit of 0.3 K for the superfluid helium converter.
