论文标题
复杂媒体中的光动量
Momentum of light in complex media
论文作者
论文摘要
移动介质的现象学宏观电动力学中的一个重要问题是物质电磁场的能量和动量的定义。令人惊讶的是，这个主题表现出了显着的寿命，尽管进行了许多理论和实验研究，但电磁能和物质动量的问题仍然开放。我们概述了物质中光动量的定义，并证明，为了正确理解问题，人们需要仔细区分材料介质作为光的背景或作为总系统的动态部分建模时的情况。对于两种特定类型的复杂物质，即旋转液和液晶培养基，阐明了电磁场的Minkowski和Abraham Energy-Momentum张量的状态，并总结了具有线性强度定律的一般各向异性运动材料介质的情况。
An important issue in phenomenological macroscopic electrodynamics of moving media is the definition of the energy and momentum of the electromagnetic field in matter. Rather surprisingly, this topic has demonstrated a remarkable longevity, and the problem of the electromagnetic energy and momentum in matter remained open, despite numerous theoretical and experimental investigations. We overview the definition of the momentum of light in matter and demonstrate that, for the correct understanding of the problem, one needs to carefully distinguish situations when the material medium is modeled either as a background for light or as a dynamical part of the total system. The status of Minkowski and Abraham energy-momentum tensors of the electromagnetic field is clarified for the two particular types of complex matter, the spinning fluid and the liquid crystal medium, and summarized for the case of general anisotropic moving material media with a linear constitutive law.
