论文标题
具有空腔诱导的动态轨迹场的超电玻色子的非平衡阶段
Nonequilibrium phases of ultracold bosons with cavity-induced dynamic gauge fields
论文作者
论文摘要
量规场是物理基本理论中的一个核心概念，负责介导基本颗粒之间的长距离相互作用。最近，已经提出，使用合适的ATOM-PHOTON相互作用，可以通过光子在复合，中性量子气体腔系统中自然设计动力学量规场。在这里，我们全面研究了在两腿玻色晶晶格模型中出现的非平衡动力阶段，该模型具有腿部依赖性的，动力学的复杂隧道，该隧道由腔体辅助的两光子拉曼过程介导。该系统构成了最小的动态磁通模型。我们研究运动方程及其稳定性的固定点，所得的动力学相图以及相应的相变和分叉。值得注意的是，该相图具有大量非平衡动态阶段，包括极限周期和混沌阶段。最后，我们将系统的常规周期动力学（即极限周期相）与时间晶体联系起来。
Gauge fields are a central concept in fundamental theories of physics, and responsible for mediating long-range interactions between elementary particles. Recently, it has been proposed that dynamical gauge fields can be naturally engineered by photons in composite, neutral quantum gas--cavity systems using suitable atom-photon interactions. Here we comprehensively investigate nonequilibrium dynamical phases appearing in a two-leg bosonic lattice model with leg-dependent, dynamical complex tunnelings mediated by cavity-assisted two-photon Raman processes. The system constitutes a minimal dynamical flux-lattice model. We study fixed points of the equations of motion and their stability, the resultant dynamical phase diagram, and the corresponding phase transitions and bifurcations. Notably, the phase diagram features a plethora of nonequilibrium dynamical phases including limit-cycle and chaotic phases. In the end, we relate regular periodic dynamics (i.e., limit-cycle phases) of the system to time crystals.
