论文标题
在质量高于$ 98万美元的中子星中，新状态的合理存在_ {\ rm tov} $
Plausible presence of new state in neutron stars with masses above $0.98M_{\rm TOV}$
论文作者
论文摘要
我们通过合并GW170817的多通讯器数据，PSR J0030+0451，PSR J0740+6620和最新的理论进步来研究状态（EO）中的中子星（NS）方程。利用嵌入在贝叶斯非参数推理中的单层进发神经网络模型的各种结构，以模型 - 敏捷的方式探索了NS Matters声速$ C _ {\ rm S} $的结构。发现峰结构在$ c _ {\ rm s}^2 $后部很常见，定位为$2.4-4.8ρ_{\ rm sat} $（核饱和度密度）和$ c _ {\ rm s}^2 $超过$ {c^{2}}}/{3} $ 90 c.非单调的行为表明了国家在非常庞大的NSS内部偏离Hadronic物质的证据。假设新的/异国情调的状态特征是因为它比典型的耐药模型更柔软，甚至使用了Hyperons，我们发现一个相当可观的（$ \ geq 10^{ - 3} M_ \ odot $）外来核心核心，可能是由夸克物质制成的，很可能是Quark Matters的，对于NS来说是巨大的，大约是0.98亿美元的$ ns，$ ns $} $} c { TOV} $表示非旋转冷NS的最大重力质量。推断的$ m _ {\ rm tov} = 2.18^{+0.27} _ { - 0.13} m _ \ odot $（90 \％可信度）与$ 2.17^{+0.15} _ {+0.15} _ { - 0.12} m_ _ \ odot $估算的$ 2.17^{+0.15}的值一致170817A/AT2017GFO假设合并后形成了暂时的超氮Ns残留物。 PSR J0740+6620是迄今为止检测到的最庞大的NS，可能会容纳一个外来核心，概率约为0.36 $。
We investigate the neutron star (NS) equation of state (EOS) by incorporating multi-messenger data of GW170817, PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, and state-of-the-art theoretical progresses, including the information from chiral effective field theory ($χ$EFT) and perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculation. Taking advantage of the various structures sampling by a single-layer feed-forward neural network model embedded in the Bayesian nonparametric inference, the structure of NS matter's sound speed $c_{\rm s}$ is explored in a model-agnostic way. It is found that a peak structure is common in the $c_{\rm s}^2$ posterior, locating at $2.4-4.8ρ_{\rm sat}$ (nuclear saturation density) and $c_{\rm s}^2$ exceeds ${c^{2}}/{3}$ at 90\% credibility. The non-monotonic behavior suggests evidence of the state deviating from hadronic matter inside the very massive NSs. Assuming the new/exotic state is featured as it is softer than typical hadronic models or even with hyperons, we find that a sizable ($\geq 10^{-3}M_\odot$) exotic core, likely made of quark matter, is plausible for the NS with a gravitational mass above about $0.98M_{\rm TOV}$, where $M_{\rm TOV}$ represents the maximum gravitational mass of a non-rotating cold NS. The inferred $M_{\rm TOV} = 2.18^{+0.27}_{-0.13}M_\odot$ (90\% credibility) is well consistent with the value of $2.17^{+0.15}_{-0.12}M_\odot$ estimated independently with GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT2017gfo assuming a temporary supramassive NS remnant formed after the merger. PSR J0740+6620, the most massive NS detected so far, may host an exotic core with a probability of $\approx 0.36$.
