论文标题

从199例患者的生命体征轨迹的离群值检测

Outlier detection of vital sign trajectories from COVID-19 patients

论文作者

Summerton, Sara, Tivey, Ann, Shotton, Rohan, Brown, Gavin, Redfern, Oliver C., Oakley, Rachel, Radford, John, Wong, David C.

论文摘要

在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新型的轨迹比较算法,以识别异常生命体征趋势,以改善对健康状况恶化的识别。 对连续可穿戴生命体征传感器的兴趣越来越大,用于在家远程监测患者。这些监视器通常与警报系统耦合,当生命体征测量值落在预定义的正常范围之外时,该系统会触发。生命体征的趋势(例如心率提高)通常表明健康状况恶化,但很少被纳入警报系统中。 我们引入了一个动态的基于距离距离的度量,以比较时间序列轨迹。我们将每个多变量标志时间序列分为180分钟的非重叠时期。然后,我们计算所有时期对之间的距离。每个时期的特征是其平均成对距离(平均链路距离)与所有其他时期的平均距离(平均链接距离),并以附近时期形成簇。 我们在合成生成的数据中证明了该方法可以识别具有相似轨迹的异常时期和群集时期。然后,我们将此方法应用于现实世界中的生命体征数据集,这些生命体征来自8例,这些患者最近在COVID-19收缩后被医院出院。我们展示了离群值时期与异常生命体征的良好相对良好,并鉴定出随后被重新入院的患者。

In this work, we present a novel trajectory comparison algorithm to identify abnormal vital sign trends, with the aim of improving recognition of deteriorating health. There is growing interest in continuous wearable vital sign sensors for monitoring patients remotely at home. These monitors are usually coupled to an alerting system, which is triggered when vital sign measurements fall outside a predefined normal range. Trends in vital signs, such as increasing heart rate, are often indicative of deteriorating health, but are rarely incorporated into alerting systems. We introduce a dynamic time warp distance-based measure to compare time series trajectories. We split each multi-variable sign time series into 180 minute, non-overlapping epochs. We then calculate the distance between all pairs of epochs. Each epoch is characterized by its mean pairwise distance (average link distance) to all other epochs, with clusters forming with nearby epochs. We demonstrate in synthetically generated data that this method can identify abnormal epochs and cluster epochs with similar trajectories. We then apply this method to a real-world data set of vital signs from 8 patients who had recently been discharged from hospital after contracting COVID-19. We show how outlier epochs correspond well with the abnormal vital signs and identify patients who were subsequently readmitted to hospital.

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