论文标题
多维熵结合：具有任意时间依赖性协议的一般Langevin动力学的熵产生估计器
Multidimensional entropic bound: Estimator of entropy production for general Langevin dynamics with an arbitrary time-dependent protocol
论文作者
论文摘要
熵产生（EP）是热力学的关键数量，但是测量EP仍然是一项艰巨的任务。在这里，我们介绍了一个EP估计器，称为多维熵结合（MEB），利用一组轨迹，而不知道给定系统的细节。 MEB是一种统一的方法，从某种意义上说，它适用于过度阻尼和阻尼不足的Langevin Dynamics，而与驾驶协议的时间依赖性无关。此外，MEB在计算上是有效的，因为优化是不必要的。我们将开发的估计器应用于与使用光学镊子有关的时间依赖性方案驱动的三个物理系统：拖动的布朗粒子，谐波链的拉动过程以及RNA发夹的展开过程。数值模拟证实了我们方法的有效性和效率。
Entropy production (EP) is a key quantity in thermodynamics, and yet measuring EP has remained a challenging task. Here we introduce an EP estimator, called multidimensional entropic bound (MEB), utilizing an ensemble of trajectories without knowing the details of a given system. MEB is a unified method in the sense that it is applicable to both overdamped and underdamped Langevin dynamics, irrespective of the time dependence of the driving protocol. In addition, MEB is computationally efficient because optimization is unnecessary. We apply our developed estimator to three physical systems driven by time-dependent protocols pertaining to experiments using optical tweezers: a dragged Brownian particle, a pulling process of a harmonic chain, and an unfolding process of an RNA hairpin. Numerical simulations confirm the validity and efficiency of our method.
