论文标题
智能反射表面启用传感:cramér-rao绑定优化
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enabled Sensing: Cramér-Rao Bound Optimization
论文作者
论文摘要
本文研究了智能反射表面(IRS)启用了非线视线(NLOS)无线传感,其中专门部署了IRS以帮助接入点(AP)在其NLOS地区感知目标。假定AP配备了多个天线,IRS配备了均匀的线性阵列。我们考虑了两种类型的目标模型,即AP旨在根据IRS的AP-IRS-Target-target-target-target-ap-ap链接来估算目标的目标方向(DOA)和目标响应矩阵。在此设置下,我们共同设计在AP处的发射光束形成,并在IRS处设计反射范围,以最大程度地减少Cramér-Rao结合(CRB)在估计误差上。为此,我们首先以封闭形式获得两个目标模型的CRB表达式。结果表明,在点目标情况下,用于估计DOA的CRB取决于发射光束和反射范围。而在扩展目标情况下,用于估计目标响应矩阵的CRB仅取决于发射光束形式。接下来,对于点目标案例,我们通过交替优化,半明确放松和连续的凸近近似来优化关节波束形成设计,以最大程度地减少CRB。对于扩展的目标情况,我们获得了最佳的发射光束成型溶液,以最大程度地减少闭合形式的CRB。最后,数值结果表明,与其他传统方案相比,在这两种情况下,基于CRB最小化的提议设计就均方误差提高了感应性能。
This paper investigates intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) enabled non-line-of-sight (NLoS) wireless sensing, in which an IRS is dedicatedly deployed to assist an access point (AP) to sense a target at its NLoS region. It is assumed that the AP is equipped with multiple antennas and the IRS is equipped with a uniform linear array. We consider two types of target models, namely the point and extended targets, for which the AP aims to estimate the target's direction-of-arrival (DoA) and the target response matrix with respect to the IRS, respectively, based on the echo signals from the AP-IRS-target-IRS-AP link. Under this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming at the AP and the reflective beamforming at the IRS to minimize the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) on the estimation error. Towards this end, we first obtain the CRB expressions for the two target models in closed form. It is shown that in the point target case, the CRB for estimating the DoA depends on both the transmit and reflective beamformers; while in the extended target case, the CRB for estimating the target response matrix only depends on the transmit beamformers. Next, for the point target case, we optimize the joint beamforming design to minimize the CRB, via alternating optimization, semi-definite relaxation, and successive convex approximation. For the extended target case, we obtain the optimal transmit beamforming solution to minimize the CRB in closed form. Finally, numerical results show that for both cases, the proposed designs based on CRB minimization achieve improved sensing performance in terms of mean squared error, as compared to other traditional schemes.