论文标题
使用Sagittarius A*的第一张图像探测Lorentz对称性的违规，对标准模型扩展系数的约束
Probing the Lorentz Symmetry Violation Using the First Image of Sagittarius A*: Constraints on Standard-Model Extension Coefficients
论文作者
论文摘要
得益于Messier 87*（M87*）阴影的无与伦比的近摩恩图像和事件地平线望远镜（EHT）传递的Sagittarius A*（Sgr a*），两个惊人的窗户为我们打开了重力理论的强场测试，以及基础物理学。最近从EHT发布的有关SGR A*的影子的信息使我们有一种新颖的可能性，可以在标准模型扩展（SME）框架中探索Lorentz对称违规（LSV）。尽管SGR A*的阴影图像与相对论的一般理论的预测之间存在一致，但仍有一个略有差异可以通过考虑一些基本校正来解决。我们提出了这样一个想法，即通过最小的SME启发的Schwarzschild公制的SGR A*的推断影像可以阐明，该公制包含违反Lorentz违反的lorentz术语（LV）术语，从纽约后的尼顿近似值获得。 Schwarzschild指标中嵌入的LV项是无量纲的空间系数$ {\ bar s}^{JK} $与负责LSV相关的LSV相关的LSV在最小SME理论的重力部门中。这样，可以在SGR A*的第一个阴影图像的允许灵敏度级别中控制Lorentz的不变性违规。实际上，使用SGR A*阴影尺寸及其与标准Schwarzschild的分数偏差的$1σ$不确定性的界限，我们为空间对角线系数的两个不同组合设定了上限，以及SME的时间时间系数。最好的上限是$ 10^{ - 2} $级别，应与以前从知名框架中提取的那些约束不同的解释，因为与标准中小企业研究不同，它不是从以日照为中心的天体框架获得的，但来自探测黑洞地平线量表。
Thanks to unparalleled near-horizon images of the shadows of Messier 87* (M87*) and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) delivered by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), two amazing windows opened up to us for the strong-field test of the gravity theories as well as fundamental physics. Information recently published from EHT about the Sgr A*'s shadow lets us have a novel possibility of exploration of Lorentz symmetry violation (LSV) within the Standard-Model Extension (SME) framework. Despite the agreement between the shadow image of Sgr A* and the prediction of the general theory of relativity, there is still a slight difference which is expected to be fixed by taking some fundamental corrections into account. We bring up the idea that the recent inferred shadow image of Sgr A* is explicable by a minimal SME-inspired Schwarzschild metric containing the Lorentz violating (LV) terms obtained from the post-Newtonian approximation. The LV terms embedded in Schwarzschild metric are dimensionless spatial coefficients ${\bar s}^{jk}$ associated with the field responsible for LSV in the gravitational sector of the minimal SME theory. In this way, one can control Lorentz invariance violation in the allowed sensitivity level of the first shadow image of Sgr A*. Actually, using the bounds released within $1σ$ uncertainty for the shadow size of Sgr A* and whose fractional deviation from standard Schwarzschild, we set upper limits for the two different combinations of spatial diagonal coefficients and the time-time coefficient of the SME, as well. The best upper bound is at the $10^{-2}$ level, which should be interpreted differently from those constraints previously extracted from well-known frameworks since unlike standard SME studies it is not obtained from a Sun-centered celestial frame but comes from probing the black hole horizon scale.
