论文标题
洛伦兹对称侵犯宇宙光子
Lorentz Symmetry Violation of Cosmic Photons
论文作者
论文摘要
作为时空的基本对称性，洛伦兹对称性在物理学的各个领域都扮演着重要角色，这是一个迷人的问题，即洛伦兹对称性是否破裂。自从爱因斯坦提出了特殊的相对论以来，洛伦兹的对称性经受了非常严格的测试，但是从理论上的考虑和实验性可行性中，仍然存在洛伦兹对称性违规的动机（LV）研究，吸引了物理学家在LV理论，现象，现象和实验测试中的热情。有许多理论模型，包括LV效应，不同的理论模型可以预测不同的LV现象，我们可以从中验证或约束LV效应。在这里，我们介绍了三种类型的LV理论：量子重力理论，时空结构理论和有效的现场理论。受颗粒能量的限制，LV的实验测试非常困难。但是，由于能量高和较长的传播距离，天文来源的高能颗粒可用于LV现象学研究。特别是对于宇宙光子，各种天文观测提供了丰富的数据，从中可以从中获得LV研究的各种限制。在这里，我们回顾了四种常见的天文现象，这些现象是LV研究的理想选择，以及当前对光子LV效应的限制。
As a basic symmetry of space-time, Lorentz symmetry has played important roles in various fields of physics, and it is a glamorous question whether Lorentz symmetry breaks. Since Einstein proposed special relativity, Lorentz symmetry has withstood very strict tests, but there are still motivations for Lorentz symmetry violation (LV) research from both theoretical consideration and experimental feasibility, that attract physicists to work on LV theories, phenomena and experimental tests with enthusiasm. There are many theoretical models including LV effects, and different theoretical models predict different LV phenomena, from which we can verify or constrain LV effects. Here, we introduce three types of LV theories: quantum gravity theory, space-time structure theory and effective field theory with extra-terms. Limited by the energy of particles, the experimental tests of LV are very difficult; however, due to the high energy and long propagation distance, high-energy particles from astronomical sources can be used for LV phenomenological researches. Especially with cosmic photons, various astronomical observations provide rich data from which one can obtain various constraints for LV researches. Here, we review four common astronomical phenomena which are ideal for LV studies, together with current constraints on LV effects of photons.
