论文标题
回归模型中的删除和插入测试
Deletion and Insertion Tests in Regression Models
论文作者
论文摘要
可解释AI(XAI)的基本任务是确定黑匣子功能$ f $进行预测背后的最重要功能。 Petsiuk等人的插入和缺失测试。 (2018年)可用于判断对分类对类像素对像素对像素的排名的质量。在回归问题的推动下,我们在曲线标准(AUC)标准下建立了一个公式,就$ f $的锚定分解中的某些主要效果和相互作用而言。我们在输入到$ f $的随机排序下找到AUC的预期值的表达式,并提出了回归设置的直线上方的替代区域。我们使用此标准将集成梯度(IG)计算出的特征与内核Shap(KS)以及石灰,Deeplift,Deeplift,Vanilla梯度和输入$ \ times $ \ times $梯度方法进行比较。 KS在我们考虑的两个数据集中具有最好的总体性能,但是计算非常昂贵。我们发现IG几乎和KS一样好,同时更快。我们的比较问题包括一些对IG构成挑战的二进制输入,因为它必须使用可能的变量级别之间的值,因此我们考虑处理IG中二进制变量的方法。我们表明,通过其shapley值进行排序变量并不一定给出插入测试的最佳订购。但是,对于加性模型的单调函数(例如逻辑回归),它将做到这一点。
A basic task in explainable AI (XAI) is to identify the most important features behind a prediction made by a black box function $f$. The insertion and deletion tests of Petsiuk et al. (2018) can be used to judge the quality of algorithms that rank pixels from most to least important for a classification. Motivated by regression problems we establish a formula for their area under the curve (AUC) criteria in terms of certain main effects and interactions in an anchored decomposition of $f$. We find an expression for the expected value of the AUC under a random ordering of inputs to $f$ and propose an alternative area above a straight line for the regression setting. We use this criterion to compare feature importances computed by integrated gradients (IG) to those computed by Kernel SHAP (KS) as well as LIME, DeepLIFT, vanilla gradient and input$\times$gradient methods. KS has the best overall performance in two datasets we consider but it is very expensive to compute. We find that IG is nearly as good as KS while being much faster. Our comparison problems include some binary inputs that pose a challenge to IG because it must use values between the possible variable levels and so we consider ways to handle binary variables in IG. We show that sorting variables by their Shapley value does not necessarily give the optimal ordering for an insertion-deletion test. It will however do that for monotone functions of additive models, such as logistic regression.