论文标题

产生极大批量的电源模拟

Generating extremely large-volume reionisation simulations

论文作者

Greig, Bradley, Wyithe, J. Stuart B., Murray, Steven G., Mutch, Simon J., Trott, Cathryn M.

论文摘要

准备从大规模干涉仪实验中首次检测宇宙21-CM信号需要严格测试数据分析和还原管道。为了验证这些管道不会错误地删除或添加可以模仿宇宙信号的功能(例如,从侧齿轮或大规模功率泄漏中),我们需要比实验比初级视野更大的重电模拟模拟。对于诸如MWA之类的实验,具有$ \ sim25^{2} $ deg $^{2} $的视野,这将需要对几个GPC进行模拟,目前是不可行的。为了克服这一点,我们通过假设结构形成的线性理论,开发了半数字回电模拟代码的简化版本21cmfast 21cmfast偏爱大量的体积。这样,我们用$ \ sim1.17 $ cmpc构建了7.5 GPC共同的量,专门针对MWA的BINNED光谱分辨率量身定制。该模拟用于验证2020 MWA 21-CM功率谱(PS)上限的管道(Trott等人)。然后,我们使用这种大容量模拟来探索:(i)较小的量模拟是否因缺失的大规模模式而偏置(ii)估计宇宙差异的非高斯性,(iii)偏向于前景楔形后的21厘米PS中的偏见,以及(iiv),(IV)较小的体积模拟的影响,以实现极大的大摩尔材料的影响。总而言之,我们发现:(i)没有缺少大规模的能力的偏见,(ii)Mondal等人之后的预期,非高斯差异的显着贡献。 (iii)在我们特定模型的楔形模式切除后,对21厘米PS的过度估计为10-20%,并且(iv)平铺较小的体积模拟低估了大规模的功率以及估计的宇宙方差。

Preparing for the first detection of the cosmic 21-cm signal from large-scale interferometer experiments requires rigorous testing of the data analysis and reduction pipelines. To validate that these pipelines do not erroneously remove or add features that can mimic the cosmic signal (e.g. from side-lobes or large-scale power leakage), we require reionisation simulations larger than the experiments primary field of view. For an experiment such as the MWA, with a field of view of $\sim25^{2}$ deg.$^{2}$, this would require a simulation of several Gpcs, which is currently infeasible. To overcome this, we developed a simplified version of the semi-numerical reionisation simulation code 21CMFAST preferencing large volumes over some physical accuracy by assuming linear theory for structure formation. With this, we constructed a 7.5 Gpc comoving volume with voxel resolution of $\sim1.17$ cMpc tailored specifically to the binned spectral resolution of the MWA. This simulation was used for validating the pipelines for the 2020 MWA 21-cm power spectrum (PS) upper limits (Trott et al.). We then use this large-volume simulation to explore: (i) whether smaller volume simulations are biased by the missing large-scale modes, (ii) non-Gaussianity in estimates of the cosmic variance, (iii) biases in the recovered 21-cm PS following foreground wedge removal and (iv) the impact of tiling smaller volume simulations to achieve extremely large volumes. In summary, we find: (i) no biases from missing large-scale power, (ii) significant contribution from non-Gaussianity in the cosmic variance as expected following Mondal et al. (iii) an over-estimate of the 21-cm PS of 10-20 per cent following wedge mode excision for our particular model and (iv) tiling smaller volume simulations under-estimates the large-scale power and also the estimated cosmic variance.

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