论文标题
黑洞的混乱阴影：简短的评论
Chaotic Shadows of Black Holes: A Short Review
论文作者
论文摘要
我们简要审查了黑洞阴影的编队和计算。首先，我们介绍了黑洞阴影的概念和各种黑洞阴影上的当前作品。其次，我们提出了计算光子球半径和阴影半径的主要方法，然后解释光子球如何影响黑洞阴影的边界。我们回顾了黑洞阴影的分析计算，该计算由于可集成的光子运动系统具有阴影边界的分析表达式。我们介绍了基本的光子轨道，可以解释黑洞阴影形状的模式。最后，我们使用向后的射线追踪方法回顾了黑洞阴影的数值计算，并引入了一些与自相似分形结构的混乱黑洞阴影。由于已经检测到来自二进制黑洞的合并的重力波，因此我们引入了几个二进制黑洞的阴影，它们都带有分形结构的主阴影周围的眉毛般的阴影。我们讨论了黑洞时空中光子运动系统的不变相空间结构，并解释了黑洞阴影的形成由固定点附近的某些Lyapunov轨道的不变歧管主导。
We give a brief review on the formation and the calculation of black hole shadow. Firstly, we introduce the conception of black hole shadow and the current works on a variety of black hole shadows. Secondly, we present main methods of calculating photon sphere radius and shadow radius, and then explain how the photon sphere affect the boundary of black hole shadow. We review the analytical calculation for black hole shadows which have analytic expressions for shadow boundary due to the integrable photon motion system. And we introduce the fundamental photon orbits which can explain the patterns of black hole shadow shape. Finally, we review the numerical calculation of black hole shadows with the backward ray-tracing method, and introduce some chaotic black hole shadows with self-similar fractal structures. Since the gravitational waves from the merger of binary black holes have been detected, we introduce a couple of shadows of binary black holes, which all have the eyebrowlike shadows around the main shadows with the fractal structures. We discuss the invariant phase space structures of photon motion system in black hole space-time, and explain the formation of black hole shadow is dominated by the invariant manifolds of certain Lyapunov orbits near the fixed points.
