论文标题
中子星
Neutron Stars
论文作者
论文摘要
中子星是高度紧凑的天体物理对象，因此与学习重力理论有关。尽管中子恒星内核物质状态的适当方程尚不清楚，并且各种状态方程仍与观察值兼容，但当考虑到无尺寸的中子恒星特性时，可以在很大程度上克服这种不确定性。在这种情况下，出现了中子星特性与重力辐射之间的普遍关系，以准正常模式的形式出现。与一般相对论相比，对于重力的替代理论，这些普遍关系可能是相当不同的。此外，替代性重力理论中新的自由度的存在导致了进一步的重力辐射，这可以通过脉冲星观测和重力波检测器来揭示。在这里，介绍了中子星，它们的特性和普遍关系，随后是两个替代性重力理论的例子，这些理论对中子恒星具有有趣的效果。
Neutron stars are highly compact astrophysical objects and therefore of utmost relevance to learn about theories of gravity. Whereas the proper equation of state of the nuclear matter inside neutron stars is not yet known, and a wide range of equations of state is still compatible with observations, this uncertainty can be overcome to a large extent, when dimensionless neutron star properties are considered. In this case universal relations between neutron star properties and for the gravitational radiation in the form of quasi-normal modes arise. These universal relations can be rather distinct for alternative theories of gravity as compared to General Relativity. Moreover, the presence of new degrees of freedom in alternative theories of gravity leads to further types of gravitational radiation, that may be revealed by pulsar observations and gravitational wave detectors. Here an introduction to neutron stars, their properties and universal relations is presented, followed by two examples of alternative theories of gravity featuring interesting effects for neutrons stars.
