论文标题
相互依存的公共项目
Interdependent Public Projects
论文作者
论文摘要
在Milgrom and Weber [1982]引入的相互依赖值(IDV)模型中,代理具有私人信号,可以捕获其有关不同社会替代方案的信息,并且每个代理的估值都是所有代理信号的函数。尽管相互依存的主要研究主要是进行拍卖的,但它与各种社会选择环境(包括公共项目的规范环境)非常相关。相对于标准独立私人价值观,IDV模型非常具有挑战性,并且通过两个称为{\ em sings-single-crossing}的替代条件和信号(SOS)}的{\ em suppodularity实现了福利保证。无论哪种情况,现有理论都无法解决公共项目设置。 我们的贡献是双重的:(i)我们为IDV公共项目的真实性提供了可行的特征。 (ii)我们在具有SOS估值的公共项目中为福利近似提供了可能性和不可能的结果。我们的主要不可能结果是,与拍卖相比,没有比随机选择项目的普遍真实机制对具有SOS估值的公共项目的表现更好。我们的主要积极结果适用于SOS的{\ em排除}公共项目,为此,我们建立了类似于拍卖的恒定因子近似。我们的结果表明,排除可能是在IDV模型中获得福利保证的关键工具。
In the interdependent values (IDV) model introduced by Milgrom and Weber [1982], agents have private signals that capture their information about different social alternatives, and the valuation of every agent is a function of all agent signals. While interdependence has been mainly studied for auctions, it is extremely relevant for a large variety of social choice settings, including the canonical setting of public projects. The IDV model is very challenging relative to standard independent private values, and welfare guarantees have been achieved through two alternative conditions known as {\em single-crossing} and {\em submodularity over signals (SOS)}. In either case, the existing theory falls short of solving the public projects setting. Our contribution is twofold: (i) We give a workable characterization of truthfulness for IDV public projects for the largest class of valuations for which such a characterization exists, and term this class \emph{decomposable valuations}; (ii) We provide possibility and impossibility results for welfare approximation in public projects with SOS valuations. Our main impossibility result is that, in contrast to auctions, no universally truthful mechanism performs better for public projects with SOS valuations than choosing a project at random. Our main positive result applies to {\em excludable} public projects with SOS, for which we establish a constant factor approximation similar to auctions. Our results suggest that exclusion may be a key tool for achieving welfare guarantees in the IDV model.