论文标题
男性低脂饮食和睾丸激素：干预研究的系统评价和荟萃分析
Low-fat diets and testosterone in men: Systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies
论文作者
论文摘要
背景：较高的内源睾丸激素水平与慢性疾病风险和死亡率降低有关。自20世纪中叶以来，饮食模式发生了重大变化，西方国家的男性睾丸激素水平下降。横断面研究表明，男性脂肪摄入与睾丸激素之间的关联不一致。 方法：有资格纳入的研究是干预研究，其混杂变量最少，比较了低脂与高脂饮食对男性性激素的影响。从成立到2020年10月，搜索了9个数据库，共有6个合格的研究，共有206名参与者。随机效果荟萃分析使用Cochrane的评论经理软件进行。 Cochrane的偏置工具风险用于质量评估。 结果：低脂与高脂饮食上的性激素显着降低。结果的标准化平均差异（CI）的结果为：总睾丸激素[-0.38（95％CI -0.75至-0.01）p = 0.04]；免费睾丸激素[-0.37（95％CI -0.63至-0.11）p = 0.005];尿睾丸激素[-0.38（CI 95％-0.66至-0.09）p = 0.009]和二氢睾丸激素[-0.3（CI 95％-0.56至-0.03）p = 0.03]。黄体激素或性激素结合球蛋白没有显着差异。总睾丸激素，欧美男性的亚组分析表现出更强的作用[-0.52（95％CI -0.75至-0.3）P <0.001]。 结论：低脂饮食似乎降低了男性的睾丸激素水平，但是需要进一步的随机对照试验来确认这种影响。有欧洲血统的男性可能会因低脂饮食而导致睾丸激素减少。
Background: Higher endogenous testosterone levels are associated with reduced chronic disease risk and mortality. Since the mid-20th century, there have been significant changes in dietary patterns, and men's testosterone levels have declined in western countries. Cross-sectional studies show inconsistent associations between fat intake and testosterone in men. Methods: Studies eligible for inclusion were intervention studies, with minimal confounding variables, comparing the effect of low-fat vs high-fat diets on men's sex hormones. 9 databases were searched from their inception to October 2020, yielding 6 eligible studies, with a total of 206 participants. Random effects meta-analyses were performed using Cochrane's Review Manager software. Cochrane's risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment. Results: There were significant decreases in sex hormones on low-fat vs high-fat diets. Standardised mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes were: total testosterone [-0.38 (95% CI -0.75 to -0.01) P = 0.04]; free testosterone [-0.37 (95% CI -0.63 to -0.11) P = 0.005]; urinary testosterone [-0.38 (CI 95% -0.66 to -0.09) P = 0.009], and dihydrotestosterone [-0.3 (CI 95% -0.56 to -0.03) P = 0.03]. There were no significant differences for luteinising hormone or sex hormone binding globulin. Subgroup analysis for total testosterone, European and American men, showed a stronger effect [-0.52 (95% CI -0.75 to -0.3) P < 0.001]. Conclusions: Low-fat diets appear to decrease testosterone levels in men, but further randomised controlled trials are needed to confirm this effect. Men with European ancestry may experience a greater decrease in testosterone, in response to a low-fat diet.
