论文标题
重新考虑“物质波干扰”和“波颗粒偶性”之间的关系
Reconsidering the relation between "matter wave interference" and "wave-particle duality"
论文作者
论文摘要
越来越大的对象的干扰提供了量子理论的壮观确认。它通常被认为是对“波颗粒对偶性”的支持，即使对“互补性”的支持，这种双重性也是如此。我们首先概述了这些概念的历史发展。在这里，很明显，他们很难严格定义，即主要具有启发式功能。然后，我们讨论了大型和复杂分子的最新干扰实验，这些实验似乎支持了“双重性”的启发式功能。但是，我们表明，在这些实验中，{\ em DeLabalized}质量中心波函数的衍射取决于该分子与衍射元素的{\ em局部化}结构的相互作用。因此，分子同时显示“双重特征”，这与对波颗粒偶性的通常理解相矛盾。我们得出的结论是，“波颗粒二元性”的概念在现代量子物理学中不应占有一席之地。
Interference of more and more massive objects provides a spectacular confirmation of quantum theory. It is usually regarded as support for "wave-particle duality" and in an extension of this duality even as support for "complementarity". We first give an outline of the historical development of these notions. Already here it becomes evident that they are hard to define rigorously, i.e. have mainly a heuristic function. Then we discuss recent interference experiments of large and complex molecules which seem to support this heuristic function of "duality". However, we show that in these experiments the diffraction of a {\em delocalized} center-of-mass wave function depends on the interaction of the {\em localized} structure of the molecule with the diffraction element. Thus, the molecules display "dual features" at the same time, which contradicts the usual understanding of wave-particle duality. We conclude that the notion of "wave-particle duality" deserves no place in modern quantum physics.
