论文标题
具有可变输入维度的多元时间序列任务的持续学习
Continual Learning for Multivariate Time Series Tasks with Variable Input Dimensions
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑了一系列相关的多元时间序列学习任务,例如从多传感器数据的时间序列中预测机器不同实例的故障,或者来自多个可穿戴传感器的不同个体的活动识别任务。我们专注于在这种情况下引起的两个不足探索的实际挑战:(i)每个任务可能具有不同的传感器子集,即提供对基础“系统”的不同部分观察。这种限制可能是由于前一种情况下的不同制造商而造成的,而后者或多或少佩戴的测量设备(ii)的人们一旦在任务级别上观察到它,就不允许我们从任务中存储或重新访问数据。这可能是由于人们的隐私考虑,或者是机器所有者对的法律限制。但是,我们希望(a)使用完成的任务中的经验以及(b)在过去的任务上继续更好地执行更好的执行,例如,更新模型并在从后来观察到的手机中学习后,更新模型并改善了第一台机器的预测。我们注意到,现有的持续学习方法没有考虑到由于跨任务可用的传感器子集而引起的输入维度的可变性,并且难以适应此类可变输入维度(VID)任务。在这项工作中,我们解决了现有方法的这一缺点。为此,我们学习了特定于任务的生成模型和分类器,并将其用于增强目标任务的数据。由于跨任务的输入维度有所不同,因此我们提出了一个基于图神经网络的新型调节模块,以帮助标准的复发性神经网络。我们评估了所提出方法对与两个活动识别任务(分类)和一个预后任务(回归)相对应的三个公开数据集的效力。
We consider a sequence of related multivariate time series learning tasks, such as predicting failures for different instances of a machine from time series of multi-sensor data, or activity recognition tasks over different individuals from multiple wearable sensors. We focus on two under-explored practical challenges arising in such settings: (i) Each task may have a different subset of sensors, i.e., providing different partial observations of the underlying 'system'. This restriction can be due to different manufacturers in the former case, and people wearing more or less measurement devices in the latter (ii) We are not allowed to store or re-access data from a task once it has been observed at the task level. This may be due to privacy considerations in the case of people, or legal restrictions placed by machine owners. Nevertheless, we would like to (a) improve performance on subsequent tasks using experience from completed tasks as well as (b) continue to perform better on past tasks, e.g., update the model and improve predictions on even the first machine after learning from subsequently observed ones. We note that existing continual learning methods do not take into account variability in input dimensions arising due to different subsets of sensors being available across tasks, and struggle to adapt to such variable input dimensions (VID) tasks. In this work, we address this shortcoming of existing methods. To this end, we learn task-specific generative models and classifiers, and use these to augment data for target tasks. Since the input dimensions across tasks vary, we propose a novel conditioning module based on graph neural networks to aid a standard recurrent neural network. We evaluate the efficacy of the proposed approach on three publicly available datasets corresponding to two activity recognition tasks (classification) and one prognostics task (regression).