论文标题

部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测

The Pristine survey -- XVII. The C-19 stream is dynamically hot and more extended than previously thought

论文作者

Yuan, Zhen, Martin, Nicolas F., Ibata, Rodrigo A., Caffau, Elisabetta, Bonifacio, Piercarlo, Mashonkina, Lyudmila I., Errani, Raphaël, Doliva-Dolinsky, Amandine, Starkenburg, Else, Venn, Kim A., Arentsen, Anke, Aguado, David S., Bellazzini, Michele, Famaey, Benoit, Fouesneau, Morgan, Hernández, Jonay I. González, Jablonka, Pascale, Lardo, Carmela, Malhan, Khyati, Navarro, Julio F., Janssen, Rubén Sánchez, Sestito, Federico, Thomas, Guillaume F., Viswanathan, Akshara, Vitali, Sara

论文摘要

C -19流是有史以来发现的最可怜的恒星系统,平均金属性$ [Fe/H] = -3.38 \ PM0.06 $。其低金属性分散剂($σ_ {\ rm [fe/h]} $ $ $ <$ <$ <$ 0.18在95 \%置信度水平)以及钠峰丰度的变化强烈暗示了球状簇的起源。在这项工作中,我们使用七个C-19星的VLT/UVES光谱来得出成员恒星的更精确的速度测量值,并鉴定两个具有径向速度和金属性的新成员与流的性质一致的。这些新成员明星之一的位置位于30美元$°$的位置,距离先前确定的C-19机构,这意味着该流比以前已知的要大得多,并且更多的成员可能正在等待发现。在C-19的主要部分中,我们测量了径向速度分散$σ_v$ = 6.2 $^{+2.0} _ { - 1.4} $ km s $ s $^{ - 1} $从九个成员那里,并流量为0.56 $°\ pm0.08°$,等于$ 158 kp at a的范围为0.56 $ \ pm0.08°$ $ \ sim。这些证实,C-19比其他已知的球状簇流动性比较热,并且具有微弱的矮星系流的特性。另一方面,三个新观察到的明亮的恒星的Na丰度的变化,其中两个的Mg和Al的变化,以及可以测量的一颗恒星的正常BA丰度为球形簇起源提供了进一步的证据。 C-19的动力学和化学特性之间的张力表明其祖细胞经历了复杂的出生环境或中断历史。

The C-19 stream is the most metal poor stellar system ever discovered, with a mean metallicity $[Fe/H] = -3.38\pm0.06$. Its low metallicity dispersion ($σ_{\rm [Fe/H]}$ $<$ 0.18 at the 95\% confidence level) as well as variations in sodium abundances strongly suggest a globular cluster origin. In this work, we use VLT/UVES spectra of seven C-19 stars to derive more precise velocity measurements for member stars, and to identify two new members with radial velocities and metallicities consistent with the stream's properties. One of these new member stars is located 30 $°$ away from the previously identified body of C-19, implying that the stream is significantly more extended than previously known and that more members likely await discovery. In the main part of C-19, we measure a radial velocity dispersion $σ_v$ = 6.2$^{+2.0}_{-1.4}$ km s$^{-1}$ from nine members, and a stream width of 0.56$°\pm0.08°$, equivalent to $\sim$158 pc at a heliocentric distance of 18 kpc. These confirm that C-19 is comparatively hotter, dynamically, than other known globular cluster streams and shares the properties of faint dwarf galaxy streams. On the other hand, the variations in the Na abundances of the three newly observed bright member stars, the variations in Mg and Al for two of them, and the normal Ba abundance of the one star where it can be measured provide further evidence for a globular cluster origin. The tension between the dynamical and chemical properties of C-19 suggests that its progenitor experienced a complex birth environment or disruption history.

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