论文标题

使用双重元素和成像米歇尔森氏症来校准高精度行星查找光谱仪

Using birefringent elements and imaging Michelsons for calibration of high precision planet finding spectrographs

论文作者

Schou, J.

论文摘要

用于查找阳性行星的主要方法之一是径向速度技术,其中测量了由于轨道行星而导致的恒星的多普勒移动。这些测量通常使用交叉分散的梯形光谱仪进行。不幸的是,这样的光谱仪很大且昂贵,并且其准确的校准仍然具有挑战性。目的是开发另一种提供校准信号的方式。引入校准信号的一种常用方法是将碘单元插入光束中。其中的缺点包括线条狭窄,不覆盖整个光谱并且光被吸收。在这里,我表明,插入双重元素或成像米歇尔森(Michelson),结合沃拉斯顿(Wollaston)棱镜消除了这三个缺点,同时保持了碘方法的大部分好处。提出的设计可以非常紧凑,从而提供了一种校准光谱仪的方便方法。与碘细胞方法相似,校准信号与恒星信号传播,从而降低了对光谱仪稳定性的敏感性。施加的信号覆盖了整个可见范围,任何温度漂移均将是一致的,并且可以通过一个数字来描述。基于使用Helioseissic和磁成像仪在不同配置中使用的类似设备的经验,这表明校准装置可以在短时间至中度尺度上在显着的波长范围内以0.1 m/s的水平稳定。尽管有希望,但仍需要制定许多细节。特别是为了完成设计并估算实际性能,需要进行许多实验室测量,并且需要做出概念证明。

One of the main methods used for finding extrasolar planets is the radial velocity technique, in which the Doppler shift of a star due to an orbiting planet is measured. These measurements are typically performed using cross-dispersed echelle spectrographs. Unfortunately such spectrographs are large and expensive and their accurate calibration continues to be challenging. The aim is to develop a different way to provide a calibration signal. A commonly used way to introduce a calibration signal is to insert an iodine cell in the beam. Disadvantages of this include that the lines are narrow, do not cover the entire spectrum and that light is absorbed. Here I show that inserting a birefringent element or an imaging Michelson, combined with Wollaston prisms eliminates these three shortcomings, while maintaining most of the benefits of the iodine approach. The proposed designs can be made very compact, thereby providing a convenient way of calibrating a spectrograph. Similar to the iodine cell approach, the calibration signal travels with the stellar signal, thereby reducing the sensitivity to spectrograph stability. The imposed signal covers the entire visible range and any temperature drifts will be consistent and describable by a single number. Based on experience with similar devices used, in a different configuration, by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, it is shown that the calibration device can be made stable at the 0.1 m/s level, over a significant wavelength range, on short to medium time scales. While promising, many details still need to be worked out. In particular a number of laboratory measurements are required in order to finalize a design and estimate actual performance and it would be desirable to make a proof of concept.

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