论文标题
非平衡动力学中的通用热力学不确定性关系
Universal Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation in Non-Equilibrium Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
我们得出了一种普遍的热力学不确定性关系（TUR），该关系适用于一般的马尔可夫系统中可观察到的任意观察。我们结果的一般性使我们能够做出两个发现：（1）对于任意平衡系统，熵产生和\ textIt {非平稳性}都需要紧密绑定热力学电流的强度； （2）通过消除对可观察物的反对称约束，可以在一个框架中统一物理学和理论融资中的基本不平等。
We derive a universal thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) that applies to an arbitrary observable in a general Markovian system. The generality of our result allows us to make two findings: (1) for an arbitrary out-of-equilibrium system, both the entropy production and the \textit{degree of non-stationarity} are required to tightly bound the strength of a thermodynamic current; (2) by removing the antisymmetric constraint on observables, the TUR in physics and a fundamental inequality in theoretical finance can be unified in a single framework.
