论文标题
脑氧提取分数MRI：技术和应用
Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction MRI: techniques and applications
论文作者
论文摘要
人脑占总体重的2％，但消耗了20％的氧气。大脑利用率的速率可以从脑血流和氧气提取分数（OEF）的知识中确定。因此，OEF是大脑功能和代谢的关键生理参数。已建议在多种脑部疾病中使用OEF是有用的生物标志物。随着MRI技术的最新进展，已经开发了几种基于MRI的方法来测量人脑中的OEF。这些MRI OEF技术基于血液的T2，血液信号的阶段，含血素的敏感性，脱氧血红蛋白对血管外组织信号行为的影响以及使用气体感染对BOLD信号进行校准。与15o正电子发射断层扫描相比，这被认为是OEF测量的“黄金标准”，基于MRI的技术是非侵入性的，无辐射的，并且具有更广泛的可用性。本文综述了这些新兴的基于MRI的OEF技术。我们首先简要介绍了OEF在脑氧稳态中的作用。然后，我们回顾不同类别的MRI OEF技术的方法论方面，包括其信号机制，采集方法和数据分析。讨论了技术的优势和局限性。最后，我们回顾了这些技术在生理和病理条件下的关键应用。
The human brain constitutes 2% of the total body mass, but consumes 20% of the oxygen. The rate of the brain's oxygen utilization can be determined from the knowledge of cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Therefore, OEF is a key physiological parameter of the brain's function and metabolism. OEF has been suggested to be a useful biomarker in a number of brain diseases. With recent advances in MRI techniques, several MRI-based methods have been developed to measure OEF in the human brain. These MRI OEF techniques are based on T2 of blood, phase of blood signal, susceptibility of blood-containing voxel, effect of deoxyhemoglobin on signal behavior in extravascular tissue, and calibration of BOLD signal using gas-inhalation. Compared to 15O positron emission tomography, which is considered the "gold standard" for OEF measurement, MRI-based techniques are non-invasive, radiation-free, and have broader availabilities. This article provides a review of these emerging MRI-based OEF techniques. We first briefly introduce the role of OEF in brain oxygen homeostasis. We then review the methodological aspects of different categories of MRI OEF techniques, including their signal mechanisms, acquisition methods, and data analyses. Advantages and limitations of the techniques are discussed. Finally, we review key applications of these techniques in physiological and pathological conditions.
