论文标题
非常高的能量伽马射线的银河系和外层次来源
Galactic and Extragalactic Sources of Very High Energy Gamma-rays
论文作者
论文摘要
非常高的能量γ射线是非热宇宙中最重要的使者之一。非常高能量γ射线天文学的主要动机是找到高能量宇宙射线的来源。已知几种天体物理来源在极端条件下将宇宙射线加速至非常高的能量。在这些天体物理部位或通过靠近来源的周围培养基中的宇宙射线相互作用产生非常高的能量γ射线。伽玛射线是中性的，直线行驶，从而为我们提供了有关宇宙射线源及其周围环境的宝贵信息。此外，非常高的能量γ射线天文学可以探讨许多基本物理问题。基于地面的γ射线天文学于1989年开始旅程，当时Whipple望远镜从Crab中检测到Tevγ射线，这是银河系中的脉冲星云。在过去的二十年中，技术的改进促进了最新一代非常高的能量探测器和望远镜的发展，这些探测器和望远镜带来了令人兴奋的新结果。到目前为止，已经检测到了超过200个非常高的能量γ射线源，银河系和半乳酸都已被检测到。这些观察结果对高能量天体物理学和天线物理学中的许多重要问题提供了更深入的见解。这篇评论文章试图列举在非常高的能量γ射线天文学的令人兴奋且快速发展的领域中的最重要结果。
Very high energy γ-rays are one of the most important messengers of the non-thermal Universe. The major motivation of very high energy γ-ray astronomy is to find sources of high energy cosmic rays. Several astrophysical sources are known to accelerate cosmic rays to very high energies under extreme conditions. Very high energy γ-rays are produced at these astrophysical sites or near through interactions of cosmic rays in the surrounding medium close to the sources. Gamma-rays, being neutral, travel in a straight line and thus give us valuable information about the cosmic ray sources and their surroundings. Additionally, very high energy γ-ray astronomy can probe many fundamental physics questions. Ground-based γ-ray astronomy began its journey in 1989 when Whipple telescope detected TeV γ-rays from the Crab, a pulsar wind nebula in the Milky Way. In the last two decades, technological improvements have facilitated the development of the latest generation of very high energy detectors and telescopes which have delivered exciting new results. Until now over two hundred very high energy γ-ray sources, both galactic and extra-galactic has been detected. These observations have provided a deeper insight into a large number of important questions in high energy astrophysics and astroparticle physics. This review article is an attempt to enumerate the most important results in the exciting and rapidly developing field of very high energy γ-ray astronomy.
