论文标题
$ Z_2 $ DIRAC点具有拓扑保护的多型型表面状态
$Z_2$ Dirac points with topologically protected multihelicoid surface states
论文作者
论文摘要
在一些具有时间反转(T)和滑行(G)对称性的狄拉克系统中,多型型表面状态(MHSS)出现,如在各种系统(例如电子和光子)中所讨论的那样。但是,尚未理解MHSS出现的拓扑性质和条件。在这里,我们表明MHSS是由$ Z_2 $单极电荷Q的散装相对应Q引起的,该Q不能定义为与Dirac点相关的局部数量,与Z Monopole电荷表征Weyl点不同。 Q的先前已知公式证明是非规模不变的,因此无法表征MHSSS。通过将Q重新定义为K空间中的全球拓扑不变,可以修改Q定义的这种缺点。令人惊讶的是,新定义的Q(表征GT不变的无间隙系统)等于受g保护的$ Z_2 $拓扑不变性V,仅在T-Breaking Gapped Gapped系统中是不繁琐的。 Q的全局定义即使迪拉克点将对称性降低,只要保留了GT对称性,Q即使Dirac点分裂为Weyl点或节点环时,也可以自动保证MHSS的外观。当保留两个垂直GS时,Q可以简化为基于对称性的指标,并在诱导T破裂的扰动时诊断出填充增强的拓扑结晶绝缘子。还提出了材料候选LI2B4O7以及保存MHSS的空间组列表。
In some Dirac systems with time-reversal (T) and glide (G) symmetries, multihelicoid surface states (MHSSs) appear, as discussed in various systems such as electronic and photonic ones. However, the topological nature and the conditions for the appearance of the MHSSs have not been understood. Here we show that MHSSs result from bulk-surface correspondence for the $Z_2$ monopole charge Q, which cannot be defined as a local quantity associated with the Dirac point, unlike the Z monopole charge characterizing Weyl points. The previously known formula of Q turns out to be non-gauge-invariant and thus cannot characterize the MHSSs. This shortcoming of the definition of Q is amended by redefining Q as a global topological invariant in k-space. Surprisingly, the newly defined Q, characterizing GT invariant gapless systems, is equal to the G-protected $Z_2$ topological invariant v, which is nontrivial only in T-breaking gapped systems. This global definition of Q automatically guarantees the appearance of MHSSs even when the Dirac point splits into Weyl points or a nodal ring by lowering the symmetry, as long as the GT symmetry is preserved. Q can be simplified to symmetry-based indicators when two vertical Gs are preserved, and filling-enforced topological crystalline insulators are diagnosed in several cases when a T-breaking perturbation is induced. Material candidate Li2B4O7 together with a list of space groups preserving MHSSs are also proposed.