论文标题

从梯子上的阿贝尔晶格量规理论中的零模式的量子疤痕

Quantum scars from zero modes in an Abelian lattice gauge theory on ladders

论文作者

Banerjee, Debasish, Sen, Arnab

论文摘要

我们考虑了$ u(1)$量子链接模型的光谱,其中量规场被实现为$ s = 1/2 $旋转,并展示了一种新的机制,用于产生量子多体疤痕(在约束希尔伯特空间中违反特征征征的高能量特征性疤痕)。由于最近在基于Rydberg原子的量子模拟器中发现了非连接行为,因此具有局部约束的多体动力学引起了很多关注。晶格量规的理论提供了受约束系统的自然示例,因为物理状态必须是衡量不变的。在我们的情况下,Hamiltonian $ h = {\ cal o} _ {\ rm kin}+λ{\ cal o} _ {\ rm pot} $,其中$ {\ cal o} _ {\ rm pot} $($通量基础,包含$λ= 0 $的确切中谱零模式,其数字随系统大小而成倍增长。这种巨大的退化性在任何非零$λ$上都取消了,但是一些特殊的线性组合可以对角度对角线$ {\ cal o} _ {\ rm kin} $和$ {\ cal o} _ {\ cal o} _ {\ cal o} _ {\ rm pot} $作为量子的量子scars scars scars scars s of dorder n'''我们提供了这种疤痕的证据,并显示了它们对两腿梯子的动态后果,最高$ 56 $,可以使用量子模拟器的可用建议对其进行测试。更宽的梯子的结果也指向他们在两个维度上的存在。

We consider the spectrum of a $U(1)$ quantum link model where gauge fields are realized as $S=1/2$ spins and demonstrate a new mechanism for generating quantum many-body scars (high-energy eigenstates that violate the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis) in a constrained Hilbert space. Many-body dynamics with local constraints has attracted much attention due to the recent discovery of non-ergodic behavior in quantum simulators based on Rydberg atoms. Lattice gauge theories provide natural examples of constrained systems since physical states must be gauge-invariant. In our case, the Hamiltonian $H={\cal O}_{\rm kin}+λ{\cal O}_{\rm pot}$, where ${\cal O}_{\rm pot}$ (${\cal O}_{\rm kin}$) is diagonal (off-diagonal) in the electric flux basis, contains exact mid-spectrum zero modes at $λ=0$ whose number grows exponentially with system size. This massive degeneracy is lifted at any non-zero $λ$ but some special linear combinations that simultaneously diagonalize ${\cal O}_{\rm kin}$ and ${\cal O}_{\rm pot}$ survive as quantum many-body scars, suggesting an ``order-by-disorder'' mechanism in the Hilbert space. We give evidence for such scars and show their dynamical consequences on two-leg ladders with up to $56$ spins, which may be tested using available proposals of quantum simulators. Results on wider ladders point towards their presence in two dimensions as well.

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