论文标题
使用纠缠系统对量子测量的完美歧视
Perfect discrimination of quantum measurements using entangled systems
论文作者
论文摘要
区分物理过程是量子物理学中的基本问题之一。尽管已经对量子制剂和量子通道的区分性进行了大量研究，但量子测量值的区分性仍然在很大程度上没有探索。我们使用两种策略（一种基于单个量子系统，另一个基于纠缠量子系统）对量子测量进行单次歧视的问题进行了研究。首先，我们正式定义了这两个方案。然后，我们在任意有限维度中构造一组测量值（包括非标记），这些维度可以在第二种情况下使用量子纠缠在第二种情况下完全区分，而不是基于单个量子系统的一个。此外，我们表明，与单个系统相比，测量歧视任务的任何优势都是Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen的“量子转向”。除此之外，我们证明所有纯正的两倍纠缠状态在测量歧视任务中比单位系统提供了优势。
Distinguishing physical processes is one of the fundamental problems in quantum physics. Although distinguishability of quantum preparations and quantum channels have been studied considerably, distinguishability of quantum measurements remains largely unexplored. We investigate the problem of single-shot discrimination of quantum measurements using two strategies, one based on single quantum systems and the other one based on entangled quantum systems. First, we formally define both scenarios. We then construct sets of measurements (including non-projective) in arbitrary finite dimensions that are perfectly distinguishable within the second scenario using quantum entanglement, while not in the one based on single quantum systems. Furthermore, we show that any advantage in measurement discrimination tasks over single systems is a demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen 'quantum steering'. Alongside, we prove that all pure two-qubit entangled states provide an advantage in a measurement discrimination task over one-qubit systems.
