论文标题
内源性不确定性的鲁棒混合构成线性优化的不确定性偏好
Uncertainty Preferences in Robust Mixed-Integer Linear Optimization with Endogenous Uncertainty
论文作者
论文摘要
在强大的优化中,人们试图在不确定性下做出决定,目标是找到最佳性能的解决方案。不确定数据的一组可能实现由所谓的不确定性集来描述。在许多情况下,决策者可能会通过投资于市场研究或以更高精度工作的机器来影响她面临的不确定性制度。最近,文献中通过引入依赖性不确定性集(内源性不确定性),即其结构取决于(通常是离散的)决策变量的不确定性集来解决这种情况。这样,人们可以在降低鲁棒性成本与影响不确定性所需的投资成本之间进行建模。但是,这里还有另一个权衡取舍。有了不同的不确定性制度,最差的最佳解决方案不仅会有所不同,而且在这些解决方案的其他方面(例如Max-Regret,最佳案例性能或性能的可预测性)。决策者可能仍然有兴趣获得性能保证,但同时,如果可以通过切换到合适的不确定性制度来增强这些其他方面,则愿意放弃出色的最差案例绩效。我们介绍了不确定性偏好的概念,以捕捉这种立场。我们提出了三种方式来形式化不确定性偏好并研究所得的数学模型。目的是对这些模型进行重新进行/近似,这些模型可以用标准方法解决。主力是混合构成线性和圆锥优化的。我们将框架应用于不确定的最短路径问题,并为所得模型进行数值实验。我们可以证明,可以通过标准的混合构成线性求解器来很好地处理我们的模型。
In robust optimization one seeks to make a decision under uncertainty, where the goal is to find the solution with the best worst-case performance. The set of possible realizations of the uncertain data is described by a so-called uncertainty set. In many scenarios, a decision maker may influence the uncertainty regime she is facing, for example, by investing in market research, or in machines which work with higher precision. Recently, this situation was addressed in the literature by introducing decision dependent uncertainty sets (endogenous uncertainty), i.e., uncertainty sets whose structure depends on (typically discrete) decision variables. In this way, one can model the trade-off between reducing the cost of robustness versus the cost of the investment necessary for influencing the uncertainty. However, there is another trade-off to be made here. With different uncertainty regimes, not only do the worst-case optimal solutions vary, but also other aspects of that solutions such as max-regret, best-case performance or predictability of the performance. A decision maker may still be interested in having a performance guarantee, but at the same time be willing to forgo superior worst-case performance if those other aspects can be enhanced by switching to a suitable uncertainty regime. We introduce the notion of uncertainty preference in order to capture such stances. We present three ways to formalize uncertainty preferences and study the resulting mathematical models. The goal is to have reformulations/approximations of these models which can be solved with standard methods. The workhorse is mixed-integer linear and conic optimization. We apply our framework to the uncertain shortest path problem and conduct numerical experiments for the resulting models. We can demonstrate that our models can be handled very well by standard mixed-integer linear solvers.