论文标题
概率计划中违反断言的量化分析
Quantitative Analysis of Assertion Violations in Probabilistic Programs
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中,我们考虑了在概率计划中违反给定断言的可能性,从而导致定量界限的基本问题。我们提供自动化算法,这些算法以指数形式获得违反断言概率的下限和上限。我们方法的主要新颖性是,我们证明了新的和专用的定义定理,这些定理是我们算法的理论基础,并使我们能够根据固定点和后定点函数来理解断言违规范围。为了综合此类定点,我们设计了利用多种数学工具的算法,包括排除排名超级木星,Hoeffding的引理,Minkowski Demompositions,Jensen的不平等和凸优化。在理论方面,我们提供(i)第一种自动化算法的自动化算法,即违反断言概率,(ii)仿射程序中指数上限的第一个完整算法,以及(iii)比以前的现状无效的方法相比,(iii)明显更紧密的上限。从实际方面来说,我们表明我们的算法可以处理文献和综合界限的各种程序,这些程序与以前的方法相比,这些算法比几个数量级。
In this work, we consider the fundamental problem of deriving quantitative bounds on the probability that a given assertion is violated in a probabilistic program. We provide automated algorithms that obtain both lower and upper bounds on the assertion violation probability in exponential forms. The main novelty of our approach is that we prove new and dedicated fixed-point theorems which serve as the theoretical basis of our algorithms and enable us to reason about assertion violation bounds in terms of pre and post fixed-point functions. To synthesize such fixed-points, we devise algorithms that utilize a wide range of mathematical tools, including repulsing ranking super-martingales, Hoeffding's lemma, Minkowski decompositions, Jensen's inequality, and convex optimization. On the theoretical side, we provide (i) the first automated algorithm for lower-bounds on assertion violation probabilities, (ii) the first complete algorithm for upper-bounds of exponential form in affine programs, and (iii) provably and significantly tighter upper-bounds than the previous approach of stochastic invariants. On the practical side, we show that our algorithms can handle a wide variety of programs from the literature and synthesize bounds that are several orders of magnitude tighter in comparison with previous approaches.