论文标题

嵌套命名实体识别的边界回归模型

A Boundary Regression Model for Nested Named Entity Recognition

论文作者

Chen, Yanping, Wu, Lefei, Zheng, Qinghua, Huang, Ruizhang, Liu, Jun, Deng, Liyuan, Yu, Junhui, Qing, Yongbin, Dong, Bo, Chen, Ping

论文摘要

识别指定实体(NES)通常是作为一个分类问题,可以预测句子中单词或NE候选人的类标签。在浅层结构中,对分类的特征进行加权以支持预测。神经网络的最新发展采用了深层结构,将特征分类为连续表示。这种方法展开了一个充满高阶抽象语义信息的密集空间,其中预测基于分布式特征表示。在本文中,句子中NES的位置表示为连续值。然后,引入了回归操作,以回归句子中NES的边界。基于边界回归,我们设计了一个边界回归模型以支持嵌套的NE识别。这是一个多物理学习框架,同时预测了NE候选者的分类评分,并在句子中完善其空间位置。它具有解决嵌套NES并支持边界回归的优势。通过共享用于预测和定位的参数,该模型可以使更多有效的非线性函数近似器增强模型可区分性。实验证明了嵌套NE识别\ footNote的最新性能{我们实现BR模型的代码可在:\ url {https://github.com/wuyuefei3/br}}中获得。

Recognizing named entities (NEs) is commonly conducted as a classification problem that predicts a class tag for a word or a NE candidate in a sentence. In shallow structures, categorized features are weighted to support the prediction. Recent developments in neural networks have adopted deep structures that map categorized features into continuous representations. This approach unfolds a dense space saturated with high-order abstract semantic information, where the prediction is based on distributed feature representations. In this paper, positions of NEs in a sentence are represented as continuous values. Then, a regression operation is introduced to regress boundaries of NEs in a sentence. Based on boundary regression, we design a boundary regression model to support nested NE recognition. It is a multiobjective learning framework, which simultaneously predicts the classification score of a NE candidate and refine its spatial location in a sentence. It has the advantage to resolve nested NEs and support boundary regression for locating NEs in a sntence. By sharing parameters for predicting and locating, this model enables more potent nonlinear function approximators to enhance model discriminability. Experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art performance for nested NE recognition\footnote{Our codes to implement the BR model are available at: \url{https://github.com/wuyuefei3/BR}.}.

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