论文标题
分析性两足动物在融合角度和倾斜相空间中的矫正作用
Analytic Bipedal Walking with Fused Angles and Corrective Actions in the Tilt Phase Space
论文作者
论文摘要
这项工作介绍了双足动物机器人平台的反馈稳定步行的算法,以及实现它所需的基本理论和感觉运动框架。由于非线性的高水平和相关机器人的自由度高,相应状态的有限的可观察力和可控性以及不完美的驱动与不相比的理想相结合,两足动物的步行本质上是复杂的,难以控制。所介绍的方法以多种方式处理了这些问题,从执行器控制和前进补偿方案的开发到几乎所有步态稳定反馈管道中都包含过滤。开发和研究了两个步态,直接融合角反馈步态和倾斜相控制器。这两个步态都遵循设计半稳定的开环步态生成器的设计理念,并通过通过所谓的纠正措施来稳定反馈来扩展它。使用纠正措施的想法是修改开环关节波形的产生,以使机器人的平衡受到影响并从而改善。此类纠正措施的示例包括修改手臂摆动和腿部摆动轨迹,将动态位置和旋转偏移的应用到臀部和脚上的应用以及指挥的步长大小和时间安排的调整。在3D旋转理论领域,这两个反馈步态及其相应的步态发生器的基础是重大进步。这些进步包括开发三个新型旋转表示,倾斜角,融合角和倾斜相空间表示形式。这三个表示都以新的创新方式将3D旋转分成各自的偏航和倾斜组件建立。
This work presents algorithms for the feedback-stabilised walking of bipedal humanoid robotic platforms, along with the underlying theoretical and sensorimotor frameworks required to achieve it. Bipedal walking is inherently complex and difficult to control due to the high level of nonlinearity and significant number of degrees of freedom of the concerned robots, the limited observability and controllability of the corresponding states, and the combination of imperfect actuation with less-than-ideal sensing. The presented methods deal with these issues in a multitude of ways, ranging from the development of an actuator control and feed-forward compensation scheme, to the inclusion of filtering in almost all of the gait stabilisation feedback pipelines. Two gaits are developed and investigated, the direct fused angle feedback gait, and the tilt phase controller. Both gaits follow the design philosophy of leveraging a semi-stable open-loop gait generator, and extending it through stabilising feedback via the means of so-called corrective actions. The idea of using corrective actions is to modify the generation of the open-loop joint waveforms in such a way that the balance of the robot is influenced and thereby ameliorated. Examples of such corrective actions include modifications of the arm swing and leg swing trajectories, the application of dynamic positional and rotational offsets to the hips and feet, and adjustments of the commanded step size and timing. Underpinning both feedback gaits and their corresponding gait generators are significant advances in the field of 3D rotation theory. These advances include the development of three novel rotation representations, the tilt angles, fused angles, and tilt phase space representations. All three of these representations are founded on a new innovative way of splitting 3D rotations into their respective yaw and tilt components.