论文标题

异构PAXOS:技术报告

Heterogeneous Paxos: Technical Report

论文作者

Sheff, Isaac, Wang, Xinwen, van Renesse, Robbert, Myers, Andrew C.

论文摘要

在分布式系统中,一组$ \ textIt {leadingers} $ ace ache $ \ textit {comsensus} $当观察某些$ \ textit {accectors} $的输出时,它们都具有相同的值。共识对于在容忍失败系统中订购交易至关重要。传统的共识算法在三个方面是均匀的: - 所有学习者都得到平等对待 - 所有受体都得到平等对待,并且 - 所有失败均得到平等对待。 但是,这些假设不适合跨域应用程序,包括区块链,如果不是所有受体同样值得信赖,并且并非所有学习者都具有相同的假设和优先级。我们提出了第一个在这三个方面的共识算法是异质的。学习者将自己的混合失败公差设置为不同受信任的受体集。我们在新颖的$ \ textit {Learner Graph} $中表达这些假设,并证明了足够的共识条件。我们提出$ \ textit {异质paxos} $:拜占庭式Paxos的扩展。在最佳案例三邮件发送中,异质Paxos可以达成任何可行的学习者图表的共识,这是最佳的。我们提出了概念验证的实现,并证明了如何为异质方案的量身定制可以节省资源和延迟。

In distributed systems, a group of $\textit{learners}$ achieve $\textit{consensus}$ when, by observing the output of some $\textit{acceptors}$, they all arrive at the same value. Consensus is crucial for ordering transactions in failure-tolerant systems. Traditional consensus algorithms are homogeneous in three ways: - all learners are treated equally, - all acceptors are treated equally, and - all failures are treated equally. These assumptions, however, are unsuitable for cross-domain applications, including blockchains, where not all acceptors are equally trustworthy, and not all learners have the same assumptions and priorities. We present the first consensus algorithm to be heterogeneous in all three respects. Learners set their own mixed failure tolerances over differently trusted sets of acceptors. We express these assumptions in a novel $\textit{Learner Graph}$, and demonstrate sufficient conditions for consensus. We present $\textit{Heterogeneous Paxos}$: an extension of Byzantine Paxos. Heterogeneous Paxos achieves consensus for any viable Learner Graph in best-case three message sends, which is optimal. We present a proof-of-concept implementation, and demonstrate how tailoring for heterogeneous scenarios can save resources and latency.

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