论文标题
临时叉对区块链网络中采矿池的演变的影响：进化游戏分析
Impact of Temporary Fork on the Evolution of Mining Pools in Blockchain Networks: An Evolutionary Game Analysis
论文作者
论文摘要
临时叉是许多具有工作证明的区块链中的基本现象，临时叉的分析最近引起了极大的关注。与关注区块链系统因素（例如块大小，网络传播延迟或阻滞生成速度）的现有努力不同，在本文中，我们从矿工的角度探索了计算能力的新关键维度。具体而言，我们首先提出了一个详细的数学模型，以表征采矿池对临时分叉的计算功率竞争的影响。我们还得出了临时分叉概率和采矿池的预期采矿奖励的封闭式公式。为了揭示竞争采矿池上计算能力分布的长期趋势，然后我们根据临时叉子建模开发了一个进化游戏框架，并因此表征了稳定的进化平衡集。广泛的数值模拟和基于现实的区块链数据的评估都提供了证据，以支持我们的理论模型和发现。
Temporary fork is a fundamental phenomenon in many blockchains with proof of work, and the analysis of temporary fork has recently drawn great attention. Different from existing efforts that focus on the blockchain system factors such as block size, network propagation delay or block generation speed, in this paper we explore a new key dimension of computing power from the miners' perspective. Specifically, we first propose a detailed mathematical model to characterize the impact of computing power competition of the mining pools on the temporary fork. We also derive closed-form formula of the probability of temporary fork and the expected mining reward of a mining pool. To reveal the long-term trends on the computing power distributions over the competing mining pools, we then develop an evolutionary game framework based on the temporary fork modeling and accordingly characterize the set of stable evolution equilibriums. Both extensive numerical simulations and realistic blockchain data based evaluation provide evidence to support our theoretical models and discoveries.
