论文标题
视网膜动脉杂交模式的自动分级系统:一种深度学习方法复制眼科医生的动脉粥样硬化诊断过程
Automated Grading System of Retinal Arterio-venous Crossing Patterns: A Deep Learning Approach Replicating Ophthalmologist's Diagnostic Process of Arteriolosclerosis
论文作者
论文摘要
视网膜动静脉穿越的状态对于小动脉粥样硬化和全身性高血压的临床评估具有重要意义。作为眼科诊断标准,Scheie的分类已被用来对小动脉硬化的严重程度进行评分。在本文中,我们提出了一种深入学习的方法来支持诊断过程,据我们所知,这是医学成像中最早的尝试之一。提议的管道为三倍。首先,我们采用分割和分类模型以自动在带有相应的动脉/静脉标签的视网膜图像中获得血管,并找到候选动静脉交叉点。其次,我们使用分类模型来验证真实的交叉点。最后,将船舶穿越的严重程度分类为分类。为了更好地解决标签歧义和标签分布不平衡的问题,我们提出了一个名为多诊断团队网络(MDTNET)的新模型,其中具有不同结构或不同损失功能的子模型提供了不同的决策。 MDTNET统一了这些不同的理论,以高准确性地做出最终决定。我们的严重程度分级方法能够以精度和召回率分别为96.3%和96.3%验证交叉点。在正确检测到的交叉点中,视网膜专家的分级和估计得分之间的一致性的KAPPA值为0.85,精度为0.92。数值结果表明,我们的方法可以在动静脉交叉验证和严重性分级任务中实现良好的性能。通过拟议的模型,我们可以建立一个无需提取特征的视网膜专家的主观分级的管道。该代码可用于可重复性。
The status of retinal arteriovenous crossing is of great significance for clinical evaluation of arteriolosclerosis and systemic hypertension. As an ophthalmology diagnostic criteria, Scheie's classification has been used to grade the severity of arteriolosclerosis. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach to support the diagnosis process, which, to the best of our knowledge, is one of the earliest attempts in medical imaging. The proposed pipeline is three-fold. First, we adopt segmentation and classification models to automatically obtain vessels in a retinal image with the corresponding artery/vein labels and find candidate arteriovenous crossing points. Second, we use a classification model to validate the true crossing point. At last, the grade of severity for the vessel crossings is classified. To better address the problem of label ambiguity and imbalanced label distribution, we propose a new model, named multi-diagnosis team network (MDTNet), in which the sub-models with different structures or different loss functions provide different decisions. MDTNet unifies these diverse theories to give the final decision with high accuracy. Our severity grading method was able to validate crossing points with precision and recall of 96.3% and 96.3%, respectively. Among correctly detected crossing points, the kappa value for the agreement between the grading by a retina specialist and the estimated score was 0.85, with an accuracy of 0.92. The numerical results demonstrate that our method can achieve a good performance in both arteriovenous crossing validation and severity grading tasks. By the proposed models, we could build a pipeline reproducing retina specialist's subjective grading without feature extractions. The code is available for reproducibility.